Schlafstörungen bei Morbus Parkinson

Zusammenfassung

Bis zu 90% der Patienten mit Morbus Parkinson beklagen im Verlauf der Erkrankung Schlafstörungen, die sowohl für die Betroffenen als auch für die pflegenden Angehörigen quälend sein können. Die fortschreitende Neurodegeneration schlafsensitiver Strukturen sowie psychologische, pharmakologische und neurodegenerative Faktoren werden als verantwortlich angesehen. Neben Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen und nächtlicher Exazerbation der Parkinson-Symptomatik werden REM-Schlafverhaltensstörungen, periodische Beinbewegungen im Schlaf, Restless-legs-Beschwerden sowie schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen beobachtet. Die Diagnose sollte bei unklaren Fällen durch eine video-gestützte Polysomnografie gesichert werden, um eine spezifische Therapie zu etablieren.

Summary

Up to 90% of patients with Parkinson’s disease report sleep disturbances at some point during the course of the disease. Progressive neurodegeneration of sleep sensitive areas in the brain as well as psychological, pharmacological and neurodegenerative factors are regarded as responsible for the somnopathy in Parkinson’s disease. Nocturnal symptoms comprise problems of initiating and maintaining sleep as well as nocturnal exacerbation of Parkinsonian symptoms, REM sleep behaviour disorder, periodic leg movements in sleep, restless legs symptoms and sleep related breathing disorders. Video-supported polysomnography is recommended for clarifying sleep diagnosis, identifying the specific nocturnal problem and choosing the right treatment.

Schlüsselwörter

Schlafstörungen - M. Parkinson - Polysomnografie

Keywords

Sleep disorders - Parkinson’s disease - video-supported polysomnography

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