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Nervenheilkunde 2017; 36(09): 719-725
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627517
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627517
Universitätsklinikum Ulm
Zum Einsatz und Nutzen mentaler Bilder oder Imaginationen in der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie
The use and benefit of mental imagery or imagination in cognitive behavioral therapyFurther Information
Publication History
eingegangen am:
01 July 2017
angenommen am:
17 July 2017
Publication Date:
20 January 2018 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Da mentale Bilder und Imagination tatsächlichen sensorischen Erfahrungen ähneln, beeinflussen sie menschliches Lernen und Verhalten und können im Vergleich zu verbaler Verarbeitung Emotionen besser aktivieren und verändern. Zudem sind aversive mentale Bilder in Form von Intrusionen an der Ätiologie und Psychopathologie vieler psychischer Störungen beteiligt, weshalb sie in der modernen Verhaltenstherapie als Behandlungsmethode vielfach eingesetzt werden. Dabei hat sich insbesondere die Methode des Imagery Rescripting (ImR) als effektive Behandlungsmethode für die posttraumatische Belastungsstörung, Angststörungen wie die soziale und spezifische Phobie, affektive Störungen sowie zur Therapie von Persönlichkeitsstörungen hervorgetan und ihre Wirksamkeit anhand randomisiert kontrollierter Studien bewiesen. Da beim ImR aversiv erlebte mentale Bilder, die den verschiedenen Störungen zugrunde liegt, in angenehmere mentale Vorstellungen umschreiben werden, wird eine Reduktion der mit der Störung assoziierten Beschwerden und Symptome ermöglicht.
Summary
Since mental images and imagination resemble actual sensory experiences, they can influence human learning and behavior, and may activate and change emotions better than in verbal processing. In addition, aversive mental images in the form of intrusions are involved in the etiology and psychopathology of many mental disorders, which is why they are widely used in modern behavioral therapy as a common treatment. In particular, the method of imagery rescripting (ImR) has proven to be an effective treatment method for posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders such as social and specific phobia, affective disorders as well as for the treatment of personality disorders, and has proven its effectiveness also in various randomized controlled trials. Because ImR allows the change of aversive mental images, which are underlying the various disorders, into a more comfortable mental presentation, a reduction of symptoms and symptoms associated with the disorder is accomplished.
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