Die vergessene Säule: Was unser Gedächtnis stärkt

Zusammenfassung

Neben dem Enkodieren (Lernen) und dem Abrufen stellen die vergleichsweise noch wenig erforschten Konsolidierungsvorgänge eine der Säulen dar, die unsere Gedächtnisleistungen stützen. Wir erörtern hier die in der heutigen Hirnforschung gängigen Vorstellungen zur Konsolidierung und Rekonsolidierung des Gedächtnisses und die wichtigsten daran beteiligten Hirnregionen. Anschließend sind die besonders für die Bildungsforschung sowie für selbstgesteuertes und institutionalisiertes Lernen und Instruktion belangreichen Faktoren behandelt, die zu einer erfolgreichen Konsolidierung, einem besseren Erinnerungsvermögen und damit einem höheren Lernerfolg beitragen können.

Summary

Consolidation of memory traces, along with their encoding (learning) and retrieval, represents one of the major pillars supporting memory performance. In contrast to the latter processes, memory consolidation is still poorly understood. We briefly review recent developments in neuroscience of consolidation and reconsolidation of human memories and the brain regions central to memory consolidation. Finally, we consider factors that are essential to successful consolidation, significantly improving retention and subsequent retrieval of previously learned information, particularly in the context of educational research and institutional and noninstitutional learning and instruction.

Schlüsselwörter

Gedächtnis - Konsolidierung - Gehirn - Lernen und Instruktion - Hirn- und Bildungsforschung

Keywords

Memory - consolidation - brain - learning and instruction - brain and learning research

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