Download PDF
Nervenheilkunde 2007; 26(06): 465-473
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1626886
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH

Tabakabhängigkeit und Tabakentwöhnung

Nicotine dependence and smoking cessation
C. G. Schütz
1   Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (Leiter: Prof. Dr. W. Maier)
,
J. Bludau
1   Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (Leiter: Prof. Dr. W. Maier)
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Eingegangen am: 16 February 2007

angenommen am: 21 February 2007

Publication Date:
22 January 2018 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Tabakabhängigkeit ist die häufigste psychiatrische Störung, wird aber als solche nur selten wahrgenommen. Im Gegensatz zu der Aufmerksamkeit, die die Folgeerkrankungen erhalten, ist die Tabakabhängigkeit, welche wesentlich verantwortlich für den regelmäßigen Tabakkonsum ist, bisher nur unzureichend als zu behandelnde Störung etabliert. Der Artikel fasst wichtige Informationen für die Intervention bei Tabakabhängigkeit im Rahmen der ärztlichen Tätigkeit zusammen.

Summary

Nicotine dependence is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder. The disastrous sequelae in form of high morbidity and mortality are well established and well known. Still the response to nicotine dependence by the healthcare system is less than convincing. The disorder is regularly overlooked and undertreated. The paper summarizes important informations for treatment providers.

Schlüsselwörter

Tabakabhängigkeit - Tabakentwöhnung - Nikotinersatztherapie

Keywords

Nicotine dependence - smoking cessation - nicotine replacement
 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Fiore M, Bailey WC, Cohen SJ. et al. MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence. Clinical Practice Guideline. Am J Public Health Service. 2000
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Schmidt LG. Tabakabhängigkeit und ihre Behandlung. Deutsches Ärzteblatt 2001; 27: 1568-1574.
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Neuman MD, Bitton A, Glantz SA. Tobacco industry influence on the definition of tobacco related disorders by the American Psychiatric Association. Tob Control 2005; 14 (05) 328-337.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Fagerstrom KO, Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT. Nicotine addiction and its assessment. Ear Nose Throat J 1990; 69 (11) 763-765.
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Zevin S, Jacob 3rd P, Benowitz NL. Dose-related cardiovascular and endocrine effects of transdermal nicotine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998; 64 (01) 87-95.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Perkins KA. Chronic tolerance to nicotine in humans and its relationship to tobacco dependence. Nicotine Tob Res 2002; 04 (04) 405-422.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Langmann P, Bienert A, Zilly M, Vath T, Richter E, Klinker H. Influence of smoking on cotinine and caffeine plasma levels in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Eur J Med Res 2000; 05 (05) 217-221.
    Google Scholar
  • 8 Haslemo T, Eikeseth PH, Tanum L, Molden E, Refsum H. The effect of variable cigarette consumption on the interaction with clozapine and olanzapine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2006; 62 (12) 1049-1053.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Bjarnason NH. Drug metabolism and variability. N Engl J Med 2005; 353 (09) 955-956 author reply 955-956..
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Zevin S, Benowitz NL. Drug interactions with tobacco smoking. An update. Clin Pharmacokinet 1999; 36 (06) 425-438.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Augustin R, Metz K, Heppekausen K, Kraus L. Tabakkonsum, Abhängigkeit und Änderungsbereitschaft. Ergebnisse des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurvey 2003. Sucht 2005; 51 (Suppl. 01) S40-S48.
    Google Scholar
  • 12 Kraus LA, Augustin R. Repräsentativerhebung zum Konsum psychotroper Substanzen bei Erwachsenen in Deutschland 2000. Sucht 2001; 47 (Suppl. 01) 3-86.
    Google Scholar
  • 13 Jacobi F, Klose M, Wittchen HU. Mental disorders in the community: healthcare utilization and disability days. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2004; 47 (08) 736-744.
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Wittchen HU, Jacobi F. Size and burden of mental disorders in Europe--a critical review and appraisal of 27 studies. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2005; 15 (04) 357-376.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Richter MS, Settertobulte W. Gesundheits-und Freizeitverhalten von Jugendlichen. In: Hurrelmann K, Klocke AM, Melzer W, Ravens-Sieberer U. (ed). Jugendgesundheitssurvey. Weinheim, München: Juventa Verlag; 2003
    Google Scholar
  • 16 Henningfield JE, Moolchan ET, Zeller M. Regulatory strategies to reduce tobacco addiction in youth. Tob Control 2003; 12 (Suppl. 01) i14-24.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Storr CL, Zhou H, Liang KY, Anthony JC. Empirically derived latent classes of tobacco dependence syndromes observed in recent-onset tobacco smokers: epidemiological evidence from a national probability sample survey. Nicotine Tob Res 2004; 06 (03) 533-545.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 18 DiFranza JR, Rigotti NA, McNeill AD, Ockene JK, Savageau JA, St Cyr D. et al. Initial symptoms of nicotine dependence in adolescents. Tob Control 2000; 09 (03) 313-319.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Jones S, Bonci A. Synaptic plasticity and drug addiction. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2005; 05 (01) 20-25.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Anthony JC, Warner L, Kessler R. Comparative epidemiology of dependence on tobacco, alcohol, controlled substances and inhalants: Basic findings from the National Comorbidity Survey. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 1994; 02: 244-268.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Dani JA, Harris RA. Nicotine addiction and comorbidity with alcohol abuse and mental illness. Nat Neurosci 2005; 08 (11) 1465-1470.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Leonard S, Adler LE, Benhammou K, Berger R, Breese CR, Drebing C. et al. Smoking and mental illness. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2001; 70 (04) 561-570.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Grant BF, Hasin DS, Chou SP, Stinson FS, Dawson DA. Nicotine dependence and psychiatric disorders in the United States: results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004; 61 (11) 1107-1115.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Lasser K, Boyd JW, Woolhandler S, Himmelstein DU, McCormick D, Bor DH. Smoking and mental illness: A population-based prevalence study. Jama 2000; 284 (20) 2606-2610.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 25 John U, Meyer C, Rumpf HJ, Hapke U. Smoking, nicotine dependence and psychiatric comorbidity – a population-based study including smoking cessation after three years. Drug Alcohol Depend 2004; 76 (03) 287-295.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Breslau N, Novak SP, Kessler RC. Daily smoking and the subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders. Psychol Med 2004; 34 (02) 323-333.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Auld DS, Kornecook TJ, Bastianetto S, Quirion R. Alzheimer’s disease and the basal forebrain cholinergic system: relations to beta-amyloid peptides, cognition, and treatment strategies. Prog Neurobiol 2002; 68 (03) 209-245.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Bourin M, Ripoll N, Dailly E. Nicotinic receptors and Alzheimer’s disease. Curr Med Res Opin 2003; 19 (03) 169-177.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Lippiello PM. Nicotinic cholinergic antagonists: A novel approach for the treatment of autism. Med Hypotheses 2006; 66 (05) 985-990.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 30 McEvoy JP, Allen TB. The importance of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and Tourette’s syndrome. Curr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord 2002; 01 (04) 433-442.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Shytle RD, Silver AA, Wilkinson BJ, Sanberg PR. A pilot controlled trial of transdermal nicotine in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry 2002; 03 (03) 150-155.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Banaschewski T, Roessner V, Dittmann RW, Santosh PJ, Rothenberger A. Non-stimulant medications in the treatment of ADHD. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2004; 13 (Suppl. 01) I102-116.
    Google Scholar
  • 33 Fagen ZM, Mansvelder HD, Keath JR, McGehee DS. Short-and long-term modulation of synaptic inputs to brain reward areas by nicotine. Ann NY Acad Sci 2003; 1003: 185-195.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Bertrand D. The possible contribution of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in depression. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2005; 07 (03) 207-216.
    Google Scholar
  • 35 Peto R, Lopez AD, Boreham J, Thun M, Heath Jr C. Mortality from tobacco in developed countries: indirect estimation from national vital statistics. Lancet 1992; 339 8804 1268-1278.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL. Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. Jama 2004; 291 (10) 1238-1245.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 37 John U, Hanke M. Tobacco smoking attributable mortality in Germany. Gesundheitswesen 2001; 63 (06) 363-369.
    Article in Thieme ConnectGoogle Scholar
  • 38 WHO. Tobacco or Health: A Global Status Report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1997
    Google Scholar
  • 39 Pötschke-Langer M, Becher H, Ehrmann K, Heidrich J, Heuschmann P, Keil U, Kraywinkel K, Schaller K, Schulze A, Thielmann HW, Vennemann M, Wellmann J. Passivrauchen – ein unterschätztes Gesundheitsrisiko. Heidelberg: Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum; 2005
    Google Scholar
  • 40 Neubauer S, Welte R, Beiche A, Koenig HH, Buesch K, Leidl R. Mortality, morbidity and costs attributable to smoking in Germany: update and a 10-year comparison. Tob Control 2006; 15 (06) 464-471.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum. Gesundheit fördern – Tabakkonsum verringern: Handlungsempfehlungen für eine wirksame Tabakkontrollpolitik in Deutschland. In: Sonderband der Roten Reihe Tabakprävention und Tabakkontrolle. Heidelberg. 2002
    Google Scholar
  • 42 Ernst E. Smoking cessation: paradise for charlatans. MMW Fortschr Med 2006; 148 31-32 18.
    Google Scholar
  • 43 Hoch E, Muehlig S, Hofler M, Lieb R, Wittchen HU. How prevalent is smoking and nicotine dependence in primary care in Germany?. Addiction 2004; 99 (12) 1586-1598.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Parrott AC. Does cigarette smoking cause stress?. Am Psychol 1999; 54 (10) 817-820.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Parrott AC. Nesbitt’s Paradox resolved? Stress and arousal modulation during cigarette smoking. Addiction 1998; 93 (01) 27-39.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Velicer WF, Prochaska JO, Redding CA. Tailored communications for smoking cessation: past successes and future directions. Drug Alcohol Rev 2006; 25 (01) 49-57.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Stracke R. Möglichkeiten der Einflussnahme auf den Tabakkonsum durch bedarfsgerechte Beratungs-, Behandlungs-und Fortbildungsangebote. Suchttherapie. 2004: 5.
    Google Scholar
  • 48 Batra ASC, Lindinger P. Leitlinien der Dt. Ges. f. Suchtforschung und Suchttherapie (DG-Sucht) und der Dt. Ges. f. Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Nervenheilkunde (DGPPN). Tabakbedingte Störungen, „Leitlinie Tabakentwöhnung”. Leitlinien zur Tabakentwöhnung der AWMF. 2004.
    Google Scholar
  • 49 Hughes J, Stead L, Lancaster T. Antidepressants for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; 01: CD000031.
    Google Scholar
  • 50 Dervaux A, Kanit M, Laqueille X. Efficacy of varenicline for smoking cessation. Jama 2006; 296 (21) 2555 author reply 2555-2556.
    Google Scholar
  • 51 West R, Mc ANeill, Raw M. Smoking cessation guidelines for health professionals: an update. Thorax 2000; 55: 987-999.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 Raw M, Mc ANeill, West R. Smoking Cessation Guidelines for Health Professionals. Thorax 1998; 53 (Suppl. 05) 1-18.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Silagy C. (ed). Physician advice for smoking cessation (Cochrane Review). Oxford: The Cochrane Library; 2000
    Google Scholar
  • 54 Schildberg F, Bludau J. Verhaltenstherapeutische Gruppentherapie zur Tabakentwöhnung. Bonn; unveröffentlicht..
    Google Scholar
  • 55 Junge B, Nagel M. Das Rauchverhalten in Deutschland. Das Gesundheitswesen 1999; 61: 121-125.
    Google Scholar