Membrane receptor signaling and control of DNA repair after exposure to ionizing radiation

M. Toulany; H. P. Rodemann

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1626525

Nuklearmedizin - NuclearMedicine, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Nuklearmedizin 2010; 49(S 01): S26-S30
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1626525

Review

Schattauer GmbH

Membrane receptor signaling and control of DNA repair after exposure to ionizing radiation

Artikel in mehreren Sprachen: English | deutsch

Authors

M. Toulany

¹Division of Radiobiology & Molecular Environmental Research, Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Germany
H. P. Rodemann

¹Division of Radiobiology & Molecular Environmental Research, Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Germany

Abstract

Summary

Accumulated evidence indicates that activation of erbB family of receptors, when mutated or over-expressed, mediates chemoand radiotherapy resistance. In this context signaling pathways down-stream of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), when abnormally activated, invoke cell survival mechanisms, which leads to resistance against radiation. In several reports it has been demonstrated that molecular targeting of EGFR signaling enhances the cytotoxic effects of radiotherapy. The radiosensitizing effects of EGFR antagonists correlate with a suppression of the ability of tumor cells to repair radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks (DNA-DSBs) through non-homologous endjoining repair pathway (NHEJ).

The purpose of this review is to highlight the function of EGFR and erbB2 receptors on signaling pathways, i. e. PI3K/Akt activated by ionizing radiation (IR) and involved in repair of DNA-DSB which can explain the radiosensitizing effects of related antagonists. Advances in understanding the mechanism of erbB-signaling in regulating DNA-DSB repair will promote translational approaches to test new strategies for clinically applicable molecular targeting.

Keywords

EGFR - PI3K-Akt-signaling - DNA-repair - radiation response

Volltext

Referenzen

References
1 Ang KK, Berkey BA, Tu X. et al. Impact of epidermal growth factor receptor expression on survival and pattern of relapse in patients with advanced head and neck carcinoma. Cancer Res 2002; 62: 7350-7356.
2 Bernhard EJ, Stanbridge EJ, Gupta S. et al. Direct evidence for the contribution of activated N-ras and K-ras oncogenes to increased intrinsic radiation resistance in human tumor cell lines. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 6597-6600.
3 Bonner JA, Buchsbaum DJ, Russo SM. et al. Anti-EGFR-mediated radiosensitization as a result of augmented EGFR expression. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004; 59: 2-10.
4 Bonner JA, Harari PM, Giralt J. et al. Radiotherapy plus cetuximab for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 567-578.
5 Bonner JA, Harari PM, Giralt J. et al. Radiotherapy plus cetuximab for locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer. Lancet Oncol 2010; 11: 21-28.
6 Bozulic L, Surucu B, Hynx D. et al. PKBalpha/Akt1 acts downstream of DNA-PK in the DNA doublestrand break response and promotes survival. Mol Cell 2008; 30: 203-213.
7 Cengel KA, Voong KR, Chandrasekaran S. et al. Oncogenic K-Ras signals through epidermal growth factor receptor and wild-type H-Ras to promote radiation survival in pancreatic and colorectal carcinoma cells. Neoplasia 2007; 9: 341-348.
8 Chan DW, Chen BP, Prithivirajsingh S. et al. Autophosphorylation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit is required for rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks. Genes Dev 2002; 16: 2333-2338.
9 Chen BP, Uematsu N, Kobayashi J. et al. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is essential for DNA-PKcs phosphorylations at the Thr-2609 cluster upon DNA double strand break. J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 6582-6587.
10 Dent P, Yacoub A, Contessa J. et al. Stress and radiation-induced activation of multiple intracellular signaling pathways. Radiat Res 2003; 159: 283-300.
11 Dittmann K, Mayer C, Fehrenbacher B. et al. Radiation-induced epidermal growth factor receptor nuclear import is linked to activation of DNA-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 31182-31189.
12 Feng J, Park J, Cron P. et al. Identification of a PKB/ Akt hydrophobic motif Ser-473 kinase as DNA-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 41189-41196.
13 Gupta AK, Bakanauskas VJ, Cerniglia GJ. et al. The Ras radiation resistance pathway. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 4278-4282.
14 Hatanpaa KJ, Burma S, Zhao D. et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor in glioma. Neoplasia 2010; 12: 675-684.
15 Huang SM, Harari PM. Modulation of radiation response after epidermal growth factor receptor blockade in squamous cell carcinomas. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6: 2166-2174.
16 Iliakis G, Wang H, Perrault AR. et al. Mechanisms of DNA double strand break repair and chromosome aberration formation. Cytogenet Genome Res 2004; 104: 14-20.
17 Kao GD, Jiang Z, Fernandes AM. et al. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase/Akt signaling impairs DNA repair in glioblastoma cells following ionizing radiation. J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 21206-21212.
18 Khanna KK, Jackson SP. DNA double-strand breaks: signaling, repair and the cancer connection. Nat Genet 2001; 27: 247-254.
19 Krause M, Zips D, Thames HD. et al. Preclinical evaluation of molecular-targeted anticancer agents for radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2006; 80: 112-122.
20 Lerdrup M, Bruun S, Grandal MV. et al. Endocytic down-regulation of ErbB2 is stimulated by cleavage of its C-terminus. Mol Biol Cell 2007; 18: 3656-3666.
21 Lobrich M, Jeggo PA. The impact of a negligent G2/M checkpoint on genomic instability and cancer induction. Nat Rev Cancer 2007; 7: 861-869.
22 McKenna WG, Muschel RJ, Gupta AK. et al. The RAS signal transduction pathway and its role in radiation sensitivity. Oncogene 2003; 22: 5866-5875.
23 Molina MA, Codony-Servat J, Albanell J. et al. Trastuzumab (herceptin), a humanized anti-Her2 receptor monoclonal antibody, inhibits basal and activated Her2 ectodomain cleavage in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 4744-4749.
24 Mukherjee B, Choy H, Nirodi C. et al. Targeting nonhomologous end-joining through epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition. Semin Radiat Oncol 2010; 20: 250-257.
25 Mukherjee B, McEllin B, Camacho CV. et al. EGFRvIII and DNA double-strand break repair. Cancer Res 2009; 69: 4252-4259.
26 Nyati MK, Morgan MA, Feng FY. et al. Integration of EGFR inhibitors with radiochemotherapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2006; 6: 876-885.
27 Rodemann HP, Blaese MA. Responses of normal cells to ionizing radiation. Semin Radiat Oncol 2007; 17: 81-88.
28 Rodemann HP, Dittmann K, Toulany M. Radiation-induced EGFR-signaling and control of DNA-damage repair. Int J Radiat Biol 2007; 83: 781-791.
29 Sarbassov DD, Guertin DA, Ali SM. et al. Phosphorylation and regulation of Akt/PKB by the rictor-mTOR complex. Science 2005; 307: 1098-1101.
30 Tanaka T, Munshi A, Brooks C. et al. Gefitinib radiosensitizes non-small cell lung cancer cells by suppressing cellular DNA repair capacity. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14: 1266-1273.
31 Toker A, Newton AC. Akt/protein kinase B is regulated by autophosphorylation at the hypothetical PDK-2 site. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 8271-8274.
32 Toulany M, Baumann M, Rodemann HP. Stimulated PI3K-AKT signaling mediated through ligand or radiation-induced EGFR depends indirectly, but not directly, on constitutive K-Ras activity. Mol Cancer Res 2007; 5: 863-872.
33 Toulany M, Dittmann K, Baumann M. et al. Radiosensitization of Ras-mutated human tumor cells in vitro by the specific EGF receptor antagonist BIBX1382BS. Radiother Oncol 2005; 74: 117-129.
34 Toulany M, Dittmann K, Fehrenbacher B. et al. PI3K-Akt signaling regulates basal, but MAP-kinase signaling regulates radiation-induced XRCC1 expression in human tumor cells in vitro. DNA Repair (Amst) 2008; 7: 1746-1756.
35 Toulany M, Dittmann K, Kruger M. et al. Radioresistance of K-Ras mutated human tumor cells is mediated through EGFR-dependent activation of PI3K-AKT pathway. Radiother Oncol 2005; 76: 143-150.
36 Toulany M, Kasten-Pisula U, Brammer I. et al. Blockage of epidermal growth factor receptorphosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT signaling increases radiosensitivity of K-RAS mutated human tumor cells in vitro by affecting DNA repair. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12: 4119-4126.
37 Toulany M, Kehlbach R, Florczak U. et al. Targeting of AKT1 enhances radiation toxicity of human tumor cells by inhibiting DNA-PKcs-dependent DNA double-strand break repair. Mol Cancer Ther 2008; 7: 1772-1781.
38 Toulany M, Lee K, Fattah K. et al. Akt is an important mediator for the function of DNA-PK in DNA damage repair and post-irradiation survival. Clin Cancer Res (submitted)..
39 Toulany M, Minjgee M, Kehlbach R. et al. ErbB2 expression through heterodimerization with erbB1 is necessary for ionizing radiation-but not EGF-induced activation of Akt survival pathway. Radiother Oncol. 2010 doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2010.03.008.
40 Viniegra JG, Martinez N, Modirassari P. et al. Full activation of PKB/Akt in response to insulin or ionizing radiation is mediated through ATM. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 4029-4036.
41 Yacoub A, McKinstry R, Hinman D. et al. Epidermal growth factor and ionizing radiation up-regulate the DNA repair genes XRCC1 and ERCC1 in DU145 and LNCaP prostate carcinoma through MAPK signaling. Radiat Res 2003; 159: 439-452.
42 Yacoub A, Park JS, Qiao L. et al. MAPK dependence of DNA damage repair. Int J Radiat Biol 2001; 77: 1067-1078.
43 Yarden Y, Sliwkowski MX. Untangling the ErbB signalling network. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2001; 2: 127-137.
44 Zhang J, Lodish HF. Identification of K-ras as the major regulator for cytokine-dependent Akt activation in erythroid progenitors in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 14605-14610.