Download PDF
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2009; 37(06): 375-378
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1623829
Original article
Schattauer GmbH

Evaluation of serum iron and iron binding capacity in cows with paratuberculosis

Evaluation der Serum-Eisenwerte und Eisenbindungskapazität bei Rindern mit Paratuberkulose
S. Senturk
1   Uldug University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
,
Z. Metcitoglu
1   Uldug University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
,
M. Ulgen
2   Uldug University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Bursa, Turkey
,
E. Borum
2   Uldug University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Bursa, Turkey
,
E. Temizel
1   Uldug University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
,
S. Kasap
1   Uldug University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 17 November 2009

Accepted: 02 February 2009

Publication Date:
06 January 2018 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

Summary

Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the results of routine haematological, serum iron and iron binding capacity analyses in cattle with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection. Material and methods: Thirty-eight cows were included in the study. An ELISA for MAP, intradermal Johnin test and microscopic examination of the animals faecal smears for acid fast organisms were performed. According to the results 19 cows (4–8 years old) were found positive and 19 cows (4–7 years old) from the same herd were negative and served as control group. In all cows routine haematological values as well as serum iron level and iron binding capacity were evaluated. Results: When compared with control animals, routine haematological values including haematocrit, haemoglobin and erythrocyte counts were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in positive cows. Also serum iron level (p < 0.01) and iron binding capacity (p < 0.01) were significantly lower in positive cows than in the control group. Conclusion: As a result, these parameters can be important for the mechanism of the pathogenesis of paratuberculosis.

Zusammenfassung

Zusammenfassung Einführung: Ziel dieser Studie war die Auswertung der hämatologischen Routineparameter, der Serum-Eisenkonzentration und der Eisenbindungskapazität des Serums bei Rindern mit einer Infektion durch Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Material und Methoden: Insgesamt 38 Kühe wurden mittels MAP-ELISA, Johnin- Hauttest und Überprüfung eines Kotabstrichs auf säurefeste Organismen hinsichtlich einer Infektion mit Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis untersucht. Bei 19 Kühen (4–8 Jahre alt) ergab sich ein positiver Befund. Die restlichen 19 Kühe (4–7 Jahre alt), die aus derselben Herde stammten, erwiesen sich als negativ und dienten als Kontrolltiere. Bei allen Probanden wurden hämatologische Routinepara - meter sowie die Eisenkonzentration im Serum und die Eisenbindungskapazität untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Werte der hämatologischen Routineparameter wie Hämatokrit, Hämoglobin und Erythrozytenzahl lagen bei den positiven Tieren signifikant niedriger (p < 0.05) als bei den Kontrolltieren. Auch für die Serum-Eisenkonzentration und die Eisenbindungskapazität ergaben sich bei den positiven Kühen signifikant geringere Werte (jeweils p < 0.01) als bei den Kontrolltieren. Schlussfolgerung: Die Veränderungen dieser Parameter könnten bei den Pathogenitätsmechanismen der Paratuberkulose eine wichtige Rolle spielen.

Key words

Cattle - paratuberculosis - haematocrit - haemoglobin - erythrocyte count - iron - iron binding capacity

Schlüsselwörter

Rind - Paratuberkulose - Hämatokrit - Hämoglobin - Erythrozytenzahl - Serumeisen - Eisenbindungskapazität
 

  • Reference

  • 1 Barclay R, Ratledge C. Iron-binding compounds of Mycobacterium avium, M. intracellulare, M. scrofulaceum, and mycobactin-dependent M. paratuberculosis and M. avium. J Bacteriol 1983; 153: 1138-1146.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Barclay R, Ratledge C. Participation of iron in the growth inhibition of pathogenic strains of Mycobacterium avium and M. paratuberculosis in serum. Zentbl Bakteriol Hyg A 1986; 262: 189-194.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Blood DC, Radostits OM. Paratuberculosis (Johne’s Disease). In: Veterinary Medicine. A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Pigs, Goats and Horses,. 9th ed. London: Saunders; 2004: 920-934.
    Google Scholar
  • 4 Coles EH. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. Toronto: Saunders; 1986: 30.
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Collins HL. The role of iron in infections with intracellular bacteria. Immunol Lett 2003; 85: 193-195.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Collins HL. Withholding iron as a cellular defence mechanism – friend or foe?. Eur J Immunol 2008; 38 (Suppl. 07) 1803-1806.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Denis M, Buddle BM. Iron modulates the replication of virulent Mycobacterium bovis in resting and activated bovine and possum macrophages. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2005; 107: 189-199.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Edmonson AJ, Lean IJ, Weaver LD, Farver T, Webster G. A body condition scoring chart for holstain dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci 1989; 72: 68-78.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Fujiki A. Direct smear examination. In: TB Bacteriology Examination to Stop TB. The Research Institute of Tuberculosis ed. Fujiki A. Japan International Cooperation Agency JINNOU Co. 7, 2001
    Google Scholar
  • 10 Gomes MS, Dom G, Pedrosa J, Boelaert JR, Appelberg R. Effects of iron deprivation on Mycobacterium avium growth. Tubercle Lung Dis 1999; 79: 321-328.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Gomes MS, Boelaert JR, Appelberg R. Role of iron in experimental Mycobacterium avium infection. J Clin Virol 2001; 20: 117-122.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Hamilton HL, Czuprynski CJ. Effects of mycobactin J and lactoferrin supplementation of drinking water on the in vivo multiplication of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in gnotobiotic mice. Can J Vet Res 1992; 56: 70-73.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Homuth M, Valentin-Weigand P, Rohde M, Gerlach GF. Identification and characterization of a novel extracellular ferric reductase from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Infect Immun 1998; 66 (Suppl. 02) 710-716.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Lambrecht RS, Collins MT. Inability to detect mycobactin in mycobacteriainfected tissues suggests an alternative iron acquisition mechanism by mycobacteria in vivo. Microb Pathog 1993; 14: 229-238.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Lepper AW, Embury DH, Anderson DA, Lewis VM. Effects of altered dietary iron intake in Mycobacterium paratuberculosis-infected dairy cattle: sequential observations on growth, iron and copper metabolism and development of paratuberculosis. Res Vet Sci 1989; 46: 289-296.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Macham LP, Ratledge C, Nocton JC. Extracellular iron acquisition by mycobacteria: role of exochelins and evidence against the participation of mycobactin. Infect Immun 1975; 12: 1242-1251.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Mohri M, Seifi HA, Sarrafzadeh F. Effects of iron supplementation on RBC parameters and indices, performance and health in neonatal dairy calves. Acta Vet Scand 2003; 44: 77.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Momotani E, Whipple E, Thiermann A. The distribution of ferritin lactoferrin and transferrin in granulomatous lymphadenitis of bovine paratuberculosis. J Comp Pathol 1988; 99: 205-214.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Momotani E, Whipple E, Thiermann A, Cheville N. Role of M cells and macrophages in the entrance of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis into domes of ileal Peyer’s patches in calves. Vet Pathol 1988; 25: 131-137.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Momotani E, Whipple DL, Thiermann AB. The distribution of ferritin, lactoferrin and transferrin in granulomatous lymphadenitis of bovine paratuberculosis. J Comp Pathol 1988; 99: 205-214.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Morrison NE. Circumvention of the mycobactin requirement of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. J Bacteriol 1965; 89: 762-767.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Murray MJ, Smith BP. Diseases of the alimentary tract. In: Large Animal Internal Medicine, 3rd ed. Smith BP. ed. London: Mosby; 2002: 779-783.
    Google Scholar
  • 23 Niederweis M. Nutrient acquisition by mycobacteria. Microbiology 2008; 154: 679-692.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Olakanmi O, Britigan BE, Schlesinger LS. Gallium disrupts iron metabolism of mycobacteria residing within human macrophages. Infect Immun 2000; 68: 5619-5627.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Orro T, Sankari S, Pudas T, Oksanen A, Soveri T. Acute phase response in reindeer after challenge with Escherichia coli endotoxin. Comp Immunol Microb 2004; 27: 413-422.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Persijn P, Van der Slik W, Reithorst A. Determination of serum iron and latent iron-binding capacity (LIBC). Clin Chim Acta 1971; 35: 91-98.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Ratledge C. Iron, mycobacteria and tuberculosis. Tuberculosis 2004; 84: 110-130.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar