Tumoren endokriner Organe bei Hund und Katze – Therapie und Prognose

Zusammenfassung:

Der Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die Behandlung und Prognose häufiger Tumoren des endokrinen Systems bei Hund und Katze. Durch Einführung neuer Medikamente sowie Fortschritte in der Neurochirurgie und Radiotherapie haben sich in den letzten Jahren die Therapiemöglichkeiten bei endokrinen Neoplasien erweitert. Bei vielen Tumoren bestehen heute verschiedene Therapieoptionen. Die Behandlung von Schilddrüsentumoren und hypophysärem Hyperkortizismus kann medikamentös, chirurgisch und radiotherapeutisch erfolgen. Die Therapie bei Phäochromozytomen und Insulinomen erfolgt vor allem chirurgisch. Zusätzlich ist häufig eine symptomatische Behandlung paraneoplastischer Syndrome erforderlich. Oft gestaltet sich die Behandlung von Tumoren des endokrinen Systems verhältnismäßig aufwendig. Zur Gewährleistung einer optimalen Therapie ist eine sorgfältige Abwägung der Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Therapieoptionen empfehlenswert.

Summary:

This article reviews therapeutic management and prognosis of the most common tumors of the endocrine system in dogs and cats. Introduction of new drugs, as well as advances in neurosurgery and radiotherapy have broaden the therapeutic opportunities in endocrine neoplasia. In many tumors different therapeutic approaches exist. In treatment of thyroid tumors and pituitary hyperadrenocorticism medications, surgery and radiotherapy can be used. In phaeochromocytomas and insulinomas surgery is the therapy of choice. Additionally medical management of paraneoplastic syndromes is often necessary. In general therapeutic management of tumors of the endocrine system is relatively complex. Before choosing the appropriate therapy regime for the individual patient, advantages and disadvantages of the various treatment options should be carefully considered.

Schlüsselwörter

endokrine Tumoren - Hund - Katze - Therapie - Prognose

Key words

Endocrine tumors - Dog - Cat - Therapy - Prognosis

• Literatur

• 1 Adams WH, Walker MA, Daniel GB. et al. Treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in 7 dogs utilising 131I. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1995; 36: 417-24.
• 2 Anderson CR, Birchard SJ, Powers BE. et al. Surgical treatment of adrenocortical tumors: 21 cases (1990-1996). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2001; 37: 93-7.
• 3 Barthez PY, Marks SL, Woo J. et al. Pheochromocytomas in dogs: 61 cases (1984-1995). J Vet Intern Med 1997; 11: 272-8.
• 4 Berger B. Primary hyperparathyroidism in dogs: 21 cases (1976-1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1987; 191: 350-6.
• 5 Brearly MJ, Hyes M, Murphy S. Hypofractionated radiation therapy for invasive thyroid carcinoma in dogs: A retrospective analysis for survival. J Small Anim Pract 1999; 40: 206-10.
• 6 Carver JR, Kapatkin A, Patnaik AK. A comparison of medullary thyroid carcinoma and thyroid adenocarcinoma in dogs. A retrospective study of 38 cases. Vet Surg 1995; 24: 315-9.
• 7 Caywood DD, Klausner JS, O’Leary TP. et al. Pancreatic insulin-secreting neoplasms: clinical, diagnostic and prognostic feature in 73 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1987; 24: 577-84.
• 8 Den Hertog E, Braakman CA, Teske E. et al. Results of non-selective adrenocorticolysis by o,p’DDD in 129 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Vet Rec 1999; 144: 12-7.
• 9 Dow SW, LeCouteur RA, Rosychuk RAW. et al. Response of dogs with functional pituitary macroadenomas and macrocarcinomas to radiation. J Small Anim Pract 1990; 31: 287-94.
• 10 Feldman EC, Bruyette DS, Nelson RW. et al. Plasma cortisol-response to ketokonazole administration in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990; 197: 71-8.
• 11 Fineman LS, Hamilton TA, de Gortari A. et al. Cisplatin chemotherapy for treatment of thyroid carcinoma in dogs: 13 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1998; 34: 109-12.
• 12 Gilson SD, Withrow SJ, Orton EC. Surgical treatment of pheochromocytoma: Technique, complications and results in six dogs. Vet Surg 1994; 23: 195-200.
• 13 Gilson SD, Withrow SJ, Wheeler SL. et al. Pheochromocytoma in 50 dogs. J Vet Intern Med 1994; 08: 228-32.
• 14 Goossens MMC, Feldman EC, Nelson RW. et al. Cobalt 60 irradiation of pituitary gland tumors in three cats with acromegaly. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 213: 374-7.
• 15 Goossens MMC, Feldman EC, Theon AP. et al. Efficacy of cobalt 60 radiotherapy in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 212: 374-6.
• 16 Gross TL, O’Brien TD, Davies AP. et al. Glucagon-producing pancreatic endocrine tumors in two dogs with superficial necrolytic dermatitis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990; 197: 1619-22.
• 17 Guptill L, Scott-Moncrieff CR, Janovitz EB. et al. Response to high-dose radioactive iodine administration in cats with thyroid carcinoma that have previously undergone surgery. J Am Vet Assoc 1995; 207: 1055-8.
• 18 Jeglum KA. et al. Chemotherapy of canine thyroid carcinoma. Comp Cont Ed 1983; 96: 96-8.
• 19 Kaser-Hotz B, Rohrer CR, Stankeova S. et al. Radiotherapy of pituitary tumours in five cats. J Small Anim Pract 2002; 43: 303-7.
• 20 Kintzer PP, Peterson ME. Mitotane treatment of 32 dogs with cortisolsecreting adrenocortical neoplasms. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1994; 205: 54-61.
• 21 Kintzer PP, Peterson ME. Diagnosis and management of canine cortisolsecreting adrenal tumors. Vet Clin North Am: Small Anim Pract 1997; 27: 299-308.
• 22 Kintzer PP, Peterson ME. Mitotane (o,p’DDD) treatment of 200 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrencorticism. J Vet Intern Med 1991; 05: 182-90.
• 23 Klein MK, Powers BE, Withrow SJ. et al. Treatment of thyroid carcinoma in dogs by surgical resection alone: 20 cases (1981-1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995; 206: 1007-9.
• 24 Kyles AE, Feldman EC, De Cock HEV. et al. Surgical management of adrenal gland tumors with and without associated tumor thrombi in dogs: 40 cases (1994-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2003; 223: 654-62.
• 25 Leifer CE, Peterson ME, Matu RE. Insulin-secreting tumor: diagnosis and medical and surgical management in 55 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986; 188: 60-4.
• 26 Long CD, Goldstein RE, Hornof WJ. et al. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided chemical parathyroid ablatio for treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999; 215: 217-21.
• 27 Lurye JC, Behrend EN. Endocrine tumors. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2003; 31: 1083-100.
• 28 Maher ER, McNiel EA. Pheochromocytoma in the dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am 1997; 27: 359-80.
• 29 Mallery KF, Pollard RE, Nelson RW. et al. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided radiofrequency heat ablation for treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2003; 223: 1602-7.
• 30 Mehlhaff CJ, Peterson ME, Patnaik AK. et al. Insulin-producing islet cell neoplasm: Surgical considerations and general management in 35 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1985; 21: 607-12.
• 31 Meij BP, Voorhout G, van den Ingh T. et al. Results of transsphenoidal hypophysectomy in 52 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Vet Surg 1998; 27: 246-61.
• 32 Meij BP, Voorhout G, van den Ingh T. et al. Transsphenoidale hypophysectomy for treatment of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in 7 cats. Vet Surg 2001; 30: 72-86.
• 33 Miller WH, Scott DW, Buerger RG. et al. Necrolytic migratory erythema in dogs: a hepatocutaneous syndrome. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1990; 26: 573-81.
• 34 Moore AS, Nelson RW, Henry CJ. et al. Streptozocin for treatment of pancreatic islet cell tumors in dogs: 17 cases (1989-1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 21: 811-8.
• 35 Neiger R, Ramsey I, O’Conner J. et al. Trilostane treatment of 78 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Vet Re 2002; 150: 799-804.
• 36 Page RL. Tumors of the endocrine system. In: Small Animal Clinical Oncology. 3rd ed. Withrow SJ, MacEwen EG. eds. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2001: 418-44.
• 37 Peterson ME, Kintzer PP, Hurvitz AI. Methimazole treatment of 262 cats with hyperthyroidism. J Vet Intern Med 1988; 02: 150-7.
• 38 Peterson ME, Becker DV. Radioiodine treatment of 524 cats with hyperthyroidism. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995; 207: 1422-8.
• 39 Peterson ME, Taylor RS, Greco DS. et al. Acromegaly in 14 cats. J Vet Int Med 1990; 04: 192-201.
• 40 Pollard RE, Long CD, Nelson RW. et al. Percutaneous ultrasonographically guided radiofrequency heat ablation for treatment of primary hyperparathyreoidism in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001; 218: 1106-10.
• 41 Puille M, Knietsch M, Spillmann T. et al. Radioiodine treatment of feline hyperthyroidism in Germany. Nuklearmedizin 2002; 41: 245-51.
• 42 Reusch CE, Steffen T, Hoerauf A. The efficacy of L-deprenyl in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Vet Intern Med 1999; 13: 291-301.
• 43 Reusch C. Tumoren des endokrinen Pankreas. In: Kleintieronkologie. Kessler M. eds. Berlin: Parey; 1999: 480-83.
• 44 Rijnberg A, Belshaw BE. An alternative protocol for the medical management of canine pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Vet Rec 1988; 122: 486-8.
• 45 Ruckstuhl NS, Nett CS, Reusch CE. Results of clinical examinations, laboratory tests, and ultrasonography in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism treated with trilostane. Am J Vet Res 2002; 63: 506-12.
• 46 Ruppert C, Kraft W. Untersuchungen bei Hunden mit Cushing-Syndrom. Teil 1: Literaturübersicht, Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie. Tierärztl Prax 1999; 27 (K): 8-18.
• 47 Scavelli TD, Peterson ME, Matthiesen DT. Results of surgical treatment for hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical neoplasia in the dog: 25 cases (1980-1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986; 189: 1360-4.
• 48 Schwedes CS. Mitotane (o,p’-DDD) treatment in a cat with hyperadrenocorticism. J Small Anim Pract 1997; 38: 520-4.
• 49 Simpson KW, Stepien RL, Elwood CM. et al. Evaluation of the long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide in the management of insulinoma in three dogs. J Small Anim Pract 1995; 36: 161-5.
• 50 Theon AP, Marks SL, Feldman ES. et al. Prognostic factors and patterns of treatment failure in dogs with unresectable differentiated thyroid carcinoma treated with megavoltage irradiation. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000; 216: 1175-9.
• 51 Tobin RL, Nelson RW, Lucroy MD. et al. Outcome of surgical versus medical treatment of dogs with beta cell neoplasia: 39 cases (1990-1997). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999; 215: 226-30.
• 52 Van Sluijs FJ, Sjollema BE, Voorhout G. et al. Results of adrenalectomy in 36 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical tumor. Vet Quart 1995; 17: 113-6.
• 53 Welles AL, Long CD, Hornof WJ. et al. Use of percutane ethanol injection for treatment of bilateral hyperplastic thyroid nodules in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001; 218: 1293-7.