Schlafrestriktion – ein gewichtiges Problem

Zusammenfassung

Ergebnisse großer Bevölkerungsstudien deuteten auf einen möglichen Zusammenhang zwischen kurzer nächtlicher Schlafdauer und dem Risiko der Gewichtszunahme hin. Darüber hinaus nimmt das Risiko, Typ-2-Diabetes zu entwickeln, zu. In Übereinstimmung mit diesen Populationsbeobachtungen haben einige Humanexperimente zeigen können, dass Schlafmangel das Hungergefühl und die Nahrungsaufnahme beim Menschen steigert. Zudem verschlechtern bereits wenige Tage mit unzureichender Nachtruhe die insulingesteuerte Glukoseverarbeitung. Diese Resultate, die in der hier vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit zusammengefasst und kritisch in Hinblick auf ihre wissenschaftliche Signifikanz diskutiert werden, zeigen somit, dass ausreichender und qualitativ guter Nachtschlaf eine wichtige Rolle für die metabolische Gesundheit beim Menschen spielen könnte.

Summary

Both cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies have repeatedly demonstrated that habitual short sleepers have higher body mass indices and an increased risk to develop overweight and obesity. Short sleep duration has also been proposed to contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Supporting these epidemiological study findings, in recent years human experiments have shown that recurrent partial sleep deprivation increases both hunger and food intake the next day. Moreover, studies have indicated that acute sleep loss lessens insulin’s ability to dispose glucose from the circulation. Against this background, the present review at hand aims to comprehensively and critically review both epidemiological and experimental findings about the impact of short sleep duration on body weight and glucose metabolism in humans.

Schlüsselwörter

Schlafrestriktion - Adipositas - Schlaf - Schlafdauer - Metabolisches Syndrom

Keywords

Sleep restriction - obesity - sleep - sleep duration - metabolic syndrome

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