Cytotoxic activity of medicinal plants selected from Euphorbiaceae family against Hepatocellular carcinoma cell

Euphorbiaceae is the large flowering plant families. A variety of Euphorbiaceae-based phytochemicals including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols and essential oils, it would appear that their diverse medicinal properties. In this study we investigated the cytotoxic activity of the selected medicinal plants from Euphorbiaceae family against hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) by using sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay. The aqueous and ethanolic extract from Ricinus communis Linn, Jatropha multifida Linn, Euphorbia antiquorum Linn, Trigonostemon reidioides (Kurz) Craib and Bridelia ovata Decne. were tested for screen their cytotoxic activity against HepG2. The results found that only 3 ethanolic extracts with potent cytotoxic activity (IC₅₀ < 50 µg/ml). The ethanolic extract of T. reidioides showed the highest cytotoxic activity against HepG2 which IC₅₀ of 0.016 ± 0.002 µg/ml following by E. antiquorum 0.43 ± 0.02 µg/ml. And the ethanolic extract of J. multifida showed less cytotoxic activity against HepG2 which IC₅₀ of 26.20 ± 1.15 µg/ml. In conclusion, this study obtained the potent natural source for anti-liver cancer from T. reidioides and E. antiquorum. It should be continuously isolate cytotoxic compounds from this plant.