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DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608045
Switch to a motile lifestyle: Possible mechanism for antiadhesive effects of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. aqueous extract against uropathogenic E. coli
Publication History
Publication Date:
24 October 2017 (online)
Adhesion is an essential phase for uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) to efficiently deploy on host cells. Hence, if bacteria-host cells attachment is inhibited in advance, infection is not productive. Therefore, targeting UPEC adhesion becomes an alternative approach to prevent UTIs. Interfering with adhesive surface structures such as pili, could potentially decrease the bacterial adhesion.
This study investigated the mechanism of the antiadhesive potential of a quantified aqueous extract (OWE) from the leaves of O. stamineus against UPEC, considering the effects of OWE on the adhesion-related genes.
OWE was quantified by UHPLC-UV on the content of rosmarinic acid, cichoric acid, and caffeic acid. Under in vitro conditions phenolic compounds depleted OWE (OWEøPC) exerts a dose-dependent antiadhesive activity against different UPEC strains. Furthermore, 3 and 5-day treatment of mice with OWE (750 mg/kg) after transurethral infection with UPEC CFT073 reduced the bacterial load in bladder and kidney, similar to norfloxacin [1].
Transcriptome analysis by next generation sequencing and cross-validation of these data by RT-PCR indicated that OWEøPC down-regulated the genes responsible for chaperone-mediated protein folding/unfolding and pilus assembly process (leading to decrease of porin activity) while flagellar assembly responsive genes were up-regulated as claimed by mRNA-Seq analysis (Fig. 1). So, on one hand OWE increases the motility of UPEC which makes it tougher for bacteria to attach to the host cells and on the other hand OWE disturbs the expression of relevant adhesive proteins. Therefore, it is concluded that OWE transforms the sessile lifestyle of bacteria to a motile one and therefore disables the bacterial surface attachment.
[1] S. Sarshar, S. Brandt, M.R. Asadi Karam, M. Habibi, S. Bouzari, M. Lechtenberg, U. Dobrindt, X. Qin, F.M. Goycoolea, A. Hensel. Phytomedicine 2017; 28: 1 – 9