Revisiting Retrograde Ventriculosinus Shunt as an Alternative for Treating Hydrocephalus in Children

Abstract

Introduction Retrograde ventriculosinus shunt (RVSS) is a useful option in the daily routine of neurosurgeons dealing with hydrodynamics. The objective of this manuscript is to review the main data about RVSS.

Methods We performed a critical review. The keywords used were hydrocephalus, shunt, venous sinus, ventriculosinus shunt, retrograde ventriculosinus shunt, and sagittal sinus. The search was performed in the Medline (Pubmed) and EMBASE databases.

Results Van Canneyt et al (2008) and Pinto et al (2016) performed experimental studies confirming the effectiveness of RVSS. El Shafei et al (1985, 1987, 2001) authors reported several cases treated with efficacy and few complications. Oliveira et al (2015, 2016) compared RVSS and ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) in the treatment of hydrocephalus after myelomeningocele repair in infants, with similar functional results. Oliveira et al (2015, 2016) also described the applicability of RVSS in situations when VPS is not feasible, or when the peritoneum is not useful.

Discussion Retrograde ventriculosinus shunt is a safe and more physiological option, which requires the use of less prosthetic material. It is feasible and applicable. Especially in children, it generates a normotensive state after shunting, allowing centrifugal head growth, once there is no intracranial hypotension due to overdrainage, which may reflect in long-term better psychomotor development.

Conclusions The surgical technique of RVSS is feasible. The clinical results are comparable with those of the VPS.

Resumo

Introdução A derivação ventriculosinusal retrógrada (DVSR) deve ser uma opção na rotina de neurocirurgiões que trabalham com hidrodinâmica. O objetivo deste estudo é revisar os principais dados sobre DVSR.

Métodos Realizamos uma revisão crítica. As palavras-chave usadas foram hydrocephalus shunt, venous sinus, ventriculosinus shunt, retrograde ventriculosinus shunt, e sagittal sinus. A busca foi feita nas bases de dados Medline (Pubmed) e EMBASE.

Resultados Van Canneyt et al (2008) e Pinto et al (2016) realizaram estudos experimentais confirmando a eficiência do DVSR. El Shafei et al (1985, 1987, 2001) relataram vários casos tratados com eficiência e poucas complicações. Oliveira et al (2015, 2016) compararam DVSR e derivação ventriculoperitoneal (DVP) no tratamento de hidrocefalia após reparo de mielomeningocele em crianças, obtendo resultados funcionais similares. Oliveira et al (2015, 2016) também descreveram a aplicabilidade do DVSR em situações em que o DVP não é possível, ou o peritônio é hostil.

Discussão A DVSR é uma opção segura e mais fisiológica, que requer menos material protético; é factível e aplicável. Particularmente em crianças, gera um estado normotenso após o shunt, permitindo crescimento cefálico centrífugo, uma vez que não há mais hipotensão intracraniana devido à hiperdrenagem, o que pode refletir em melhor desenvolvimento psicomotor em longo prazo.

Conclusões A técnica cirúrgica DVSR é viável. Os resultados clínicos se são comparáveis à DVP.

Keywords

hydrocephalus - ventriculosinus shunt - treatment - review

Palavras-chave

hidrocefalia - shunt ventrículo-sinusal - tratamento - revisão

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