Evaluation of Probably Benign Adnexal Masses in Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

Background Preoperatively identification of malignancy potential of a postmenopausal adnexal masses is important.

Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of the Risk of Malignancy Index-2 in presumably benign adnexal masses in postmenopausal women.

Study Design Retrospective, observational study.

Methods 119 women with postmenopausal adnexal masses with a preliminary diagnosis of benign tumors according to the Risk of Malignancy Index-2 were included. Age, duration of menopause, ultrasonographic findings, and serum CA-125 levels were recorded preoperatively. The definitive diagnosis was based on postoperative histopathological examination.

Results Of 119 adnexal mass, 10 were malignant and 109 were benign. There was no statistically significant difference with regard to age and tumor size between the groups. The two significant ultrasonographic parameter between groups were the presence of solid area in the mass and bilaterality. Moreover, if the cut off point for serum CA-125 was adjusted to 14.75 IU/mL according to ROC curve, a sensitivity value of 80% and a specificity value of 72% could be achieved to discriminate benign and malign cysts.

Conclusion In the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant adnexal masses in postmenopausal women, the presence of a solid component, bilaterallity based on ultrasonography and high CA-125 values may be used as discriminative criteria. There is no direct relation between the size of the adnexal mass and malignancy potential. Therefore, in the malignancy indexes of postmenopausal women, we recommend lower cut-off values of CA-125 to increase the sensitivity of preoperative evaluation tests without having a great impact on negative predictive values.

Resumo

Introdução É fundamental identificar o potencial maligno de massas anexiais pós-menopáusicas no período pré-operatório.

Objetivo Avaliar a efetividade do risco de malignidade (risk of malignancy index-2, RMI2) em massas anexiais benignas presumíveis em mulheres na pós-menopausa.

Desenho do Estudo Estudo observacional retrospectivo.

Métodos Este estudo foi conduzido em nossa clínica de cirurgia de endoscopia e endoscopia de nosso hospital entre janeiro de 2013 e setembro de 2015. Um total de 119 mulheres com massas anexiais pós-menopausa com diagnóstico preliminar de tumores benignos de acordo com o RMI-2. A idade, a duração da menopausa, os achados ultrassonográficos e os níveis séricos de CA-125 foram registados no pré-operatório. O diagnóstico definitivo foi baseado no exame histopatológico pós-operatório.

Resultados A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 55,4 ± 6,71 anos. O exame histopatológico revelou que 8,4% das massas anexiais eram tumores malignos ou limítrofes, enquanto 91,6% eram benignos. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante quanto ao tamanho do tumor e do tamanho das lesões entre patologias malignas e benignas. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre pacientes benignos e malignos quanto à idade e tamanho do tumor. Os dois parâmetros ultra-sonográficos estatisticamente significativos entre os grupos foram a presença de área sólida na massa e bilateralidade. Além disso, se o ponto de corte para CA-125 sérico fosse ajustado para 14,75 UI/mL de acordo com a curva receiver operating characteristic (ROC), um valor de sensibilidade de 80% e um valor de especificidade de 72% poderiam ser conseguidos para discriminar cistos benignos e malignos (área sob a curva [ASC]: 0,89).

Conclusão No diagnóstico diferencial de massas anexiais benignas e malignas em mulheres pós-menopáusicas, a presença de um componente sólido, bilaterais com base na ultra-sonografia e valores elevados de CA-125 podem ser utilizados como critério discriminatório. Parece que não há relação direta entre o tamanho da massa anexial eo potencial maligno. Portanto, nos índices de malignidade de mulheres pós-menopáusicas, recomendamos valores de corte mais baixos de CA-125 para aumentar a sensibilidade dos testes de avaliação pré-operatória sem ter grande impacto em valores preditivos negativos.

Keywords

adnexal mass - transvaginal ultrasonography - CA-125 antigen

Palavras-chave

massa anexial - ultrassonografia transvaginal - antígeno CA-125

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