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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2017; 39(03): 128-141
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1599094
Systematic Review
Thieme-Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Are There Changes in the Fatty Acid Profile of Breast Milk with Supplementation of Omega-3 Sources? A Systematic Review

Existem mudanças no perfil de ácidos graxos no leite materno com a suplementação de fontes de ômega 3? Uma revisão sistemática
Yasmin Notarbartolo di Villarosa do Amaral
1   Clinical Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Daniele Marano
1   Clinical Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Leila Maria Lopes da Silva
1   Clinical Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Aline Carnevale Lia Dias Guimarães
1   Clinical Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira
1   Clinical Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

11 February 2016

20 December 2016

Publication Date:
17 March 2017 (online)

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Abstract

Purpose To evaluate the effect of supplementation with omega-3 sources on the fatty acid composition of human milk.

Methods The review consisted of the search for articles published in PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (Virtual Health Library[VHL]) and Web of Science databases using the following keywords: fatty acids, omega-3, human milk and supplementation; for this purpose, we have used the program of research to integrate the services for the maintenance of autonomy (PRISMA) checklist. The following selection criteria were used: articles in English, Portuguese, Spanish or Italian, published between 2000 and 2015, and about studies performed in humans. We found 710 articles that met the established criteria; however, only 22 of them were selected to be part of this study.

Results All studies found a positive relationship between the consumption of omega-3 sources and their concentration in human milk. The differences in the findings are due to the distinct methods used, such as the specific time of the omega-3 supplementation, the type of omega-3 source offered, as well as the sample size.

Conclusion Although the studies were different in several methodological aspects, it was possible to observe the importance of omega-3 supplementation during gestation and/or the puerperium.

Resumo

Objetivo Avaliar o efeito da suplementação com fontes de ômega 3 sobre a composição de ácidos graxos do leite humano.

Métodos A revisão consistiu na busca de artigos publicados nas bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e Web of Science utilizando-se as palavras-chave: ácidos graxos, ômega-3, leite materno e suplementação; para isso, foi utilizado o checklist PRISMA. Foram utilizados os seguintes critérios para a seleção: artigos publicados em inglês, português, espanhol ou italiano, entre os anos de 2000 a 2015, sobre estudos realizados em humanos. A busca bibliográfica, segundo a estratégia estabelecida, resultou em 710 artigos. Entretanto, apenas 22 destes foram selecionados para compor a presente revisão.

Resultados Todos os estudos encontraram relação positiva entre o consumo de fontes de ômega 3 e sua concentração no leite humano. As diferenças nos achados se devem aos métodos empregados como, por exemplo, o momento da suplementação do ômega 3, o tipo de fonte de ômega 3 ofertado, e o tamanho amostral.

Conclusão Apesar de os estudos serem díspares em inúmeros aspectos metodológicos, observou-se a importância da suplementação do ômega 3 na gestação e/ou no puerpério.

Keywords

pregnant women - breastfeeding - human milk - omega-3 fatty acids - systematic review

Palavras-chave

gestantes - aleitamento materno - leite humano - ácidos graxos ômega-3 - revisão sistemática
 

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