Steam and Fermentation Processing Could Exert the Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Gastrodiae Rhizoma in Lipo-poly saccharide-induced Mice

Gastrodiae Rhizoma (GR) is been known to possess the various bioactive compounds such as gastrodin, vanillyl alcohol, and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol [1, 2]. Various processing methods, such as fermentation and steaming have been widely applied to enhance the therapeutic and biological effects of plant materials including GR in East-Asia area. This study is aimed to explore the most effective process method for GR through evaluation of its anti-inflammatory activities on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice with liver injury [3]. We prepared 25 kinds of GR with different steaming time and microbial fermentation. Among 25 kinds of GR, GR6 (steamed for 6h and fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae GR) were chosen based on the results of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays and contents of gastrodin and gastrodigenin. In vivo model LPS (20 mg/kg of body weight, B.W) was intraperitoneally injected after oral administration of GR0 (not-processed GR) and GR6 at dose of 200 mg/kg of B.W. The increased oxidative stress levels were diminished by GR6 in the liver tissues and the anti-inflammatory activity of GR6 (27.99 ± 1.03 fluorescence/min/mg protein) was stronger than that of GR0 (28.62 ± 1.01). In addition LPS treatment abnormally increased hepatic parameters such as AST (68.85 ± 2.98 IU/L) and ALT (16.05 ± 2.55). However, GR6 (31.74 ± 5.28, 2.91 ± 3.01) treatment restored abnormally increased AST and ALT than that of GR0 (33.34 ± 5.25, 4.91 ± 1.49). Moreover, the elevated expression levels of inflammatory mediators and cytokines such as COX-2, TNF-α, iNOS and IL-6 was ameliorated by GR6F4 administration through activation of NFκB in mice liver tissues. Taken together, we observed that the GR with steam and fermentation processing could enhanced the both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In conclusion, these results suggest that the steamed and fermented GR is would be utilized as a functional plant material for the development of oriental herbal medicine and functional foods.

Keywords: Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Fermentation, Steaming, Liver, Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammation.

References:

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[2] Taguchi H. Yosioka L, Yamasaki K, Kim IH. Studies on the constituents Gastrodia elata Blume. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 1981; 29: 55 – 62

[3] Masaki T, Chiba S, Tatsukawa H, Yasuda T, Noguchi H, Seike M, Yoshimatsu H. Adiponectin protects LPS-induced liver injury through modulation of TNF-α in KK-Ay obese mice. Hepatology. 2004; 40: 177 – 184