Cyclocarbopalladation as a Key Step in Cascade Reactions: Recent Developments

Dedicated to Professor Armin de Meijere for his great achievements in the field of cyclocarbopalladation in cascade reactions

Abstract

Cascade reactions are step-economical processes for the synthesis of complex molecules as they allow, in one step, the formation of multiple bonds. Over the last two decades cyclocarbopalladation has emerged as a powerful key step when integrated into these sequences and has allowed unprecedented valuable polycyclic scaffolds to be obtained. This review is focused on recent developments in this field including original cascade sequences, novel activation modes (C–H activation for instance) and unprecedented families of substrates.

1 Introduction

2 Formation of Carbocycles

2.1 4-exo Cyclocarbopalladation

2.2 5-exo Cyclocarbopalladation

2.3 5-endo Cyclocarbopalladation

2.4 Cyclocarbopalladation with Formation of Six-Membered Carbocycles

2.5 Cyclocarbopalladation with Formation of Seven-Membered Carbocycles

3 Formation of Heterocycles

3.1 Formation of Nitrogen Heterocycles

3.2 Formation of Oxygen Heterocycles

3.3 Formation of Sulfur Heterocycles

3.4 Formation of Silicon-Containing Heterocycles

4 Conclusion

Key words

cyclocarbopalladation - cyclic compounds - carbocycles - heterocycles - palladium - cyclization - domino - cascade

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