Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a universal cervical length
screening program on the incidence of antepartum interventions.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study included women delivering ≥ 20 weeks of gestation
with singleton pregnancies before and after implementing universal cervical length
screening. Antepartum interventions included admission for threatened preterm birth, ≥ 2
cervical length measurements, cervical cerclage, neonatology consultation, betamethasone,
antibiotic administration for preterm premature rupture of membranes, and tocolysis.
Results There were 1,131 women—506 before the screening program (unexposed) and 625 afterward
(exposed). The screening program resulted in significantly more women screened (3.0
vs. 69.9%, p < 0.0001). The exposed group was more likely to undergo ≥ 1 intervention (20.0 vs.
9.5%, p < 0.0001); specifically, admission for threatened preterm birth (3.8 vs. 1.8%, p = 0.04) and ≥ 2 cervical measurements (11.2 vs. 2.0%, p < 0.001). Other interventions were similar between groups (all p ≥ 0.06). Median gestation length was significantly longer in the exposed (39.6 weeks
[interquartile, IQR: 38.6–40.4] vs. 39.0 weeks [IQR: 38.0–40.0, p < 0.001]); however, preterm delivery incidence was unaffected (9.4 vs. 10.9%, p = 0.43). Remaining neonatal outcomes were similar (all p ≥ 0.14).
Conclusion Implementing universal cervical length screening significantly increased the proportion
of women undergoing ≥ 1 antepartum intervention. With the exception of a modestly
prolonged gestation, other outcomes were unaffected.
Keywords
cervical length - preterm birth - antepartum interventions - screening program - birth
outcomes
