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DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1583834
Contribution of the First Trimester Ultrasound Screening in the Diagnosis of Aneuploidies
Introduction:
First trimester ultrasound has an important place in the early diagnosis of many fetal malformations and chromosomal abnormalities.
Purpose:
Highlight the performance and the contribution of ultrasonography in diagnosis of fetal malformations.
Methods:
Prospective study over a period of a year, it covers all customers between 11 and 14 weeks pregnant.
Results:
On 2550 scans made during this period there were 343 ultrasounds for first trimester or 13%. The average age was 32.7%.
Among 343 validated nuchal translucency, 18 NT were pathological allowing the detection two cases of Trisomy 18 and a case of trisomy 21.
Morphological mini examination has identified 5 cases of cystic hygroma and 3 lethal malformations (excencephaly, rachischisis with hydrocephalus, anencephaly with omphalocele).
For the five cases of cystic hygroma, the trophoblast biopsy had been performed and had confirmed 2 cases of Trisomy 18.
Conclusion:
First Trimester ultrasound screening joined in importance the morphological ultrasound. It allows a good morphological approach of the embryo, the measurement of the nuchal and it brings an excellent sign of appeal for the detection of chromosomal abnormalities.