Abstract
The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability
and Health (ICF) provides an ideal framework within which to conceptualize grading
and quantification of upper extremity function for children with spasticity. In this
article the authors provide an overview of assessments and classification tools used
to (1) understand upper extremity function associated with spasticity and the factors
that contribute to dysfunction, (2) guide the selection of appropriate interventions,
(3) identify specific muscles to target using surgical interventions and botulinum
toxin-A injections, and (4) measure the outcomes of upper extremity interventions.
Assessments of upper extremity function are briefly described and categorized as to
whether they (1) measure children's best ability or actual performance in daily life,
(2) are clinician administered or are a child/proxy report, (3) assist in planning
intervention and/or measuring outcomes, and (4) evaluate unimanual or bimanual ability.
In addition, measures of spasticity and hypertonicity, and classifications of static
and dynamic upper extremity postures are summarized.
Keywords
spasticity - measurement - upper extremity - cerebral palsy - intervention
