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DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1565406
Antineutrophilic inflammatory secondary metabolites from Solanum macaonense
Eight new spirostanol saponins and ten new furostanol saponins, together with twenty-one known compounds including six spirostanols [1], four caffeic acid derivatives, two amides, seven flavonoids, one ligand, and benzaldehyde [2] were isolated from Solanum macaonense. All structures of compounds were determined from their spectroscopic data, and the compounds were tested for in vitro antineutrophilic inflammatory activity. It was found that both immediate inflammation responses including superoxide anion generation and elastase release were significantly inhibited by treatment with three of the newly isolated spirostanols and one caffeic acid derivative (superoxide anion generation: IC50 7.0, 7.6, 4.0, 4.6 µM; elastase release: IC50 3.7, 4.4, 1.0, 4.0 µM, respectively). However, two spirostanol saponins and one flavonoid exhibited effects on the inhibition of elastase release only, with IC50 values of 3.2, 4.2, and 4.0 µM, respectively, while one spirostanol and three caffeic acid compounds were active against superoxide anion generation only, with an IC50 value of 6.1, 3.3, 4.8, and 4.2 µM. Accordingly, spirostanols and caffeic acid derivatives may be promising lead compounds for further neutrophilic inflammatory disease studies, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
References:
[1] Lee CL, Hwang TL, Yang JC, Cheng HT, He WJ, Yen CT, Kuo CL, Chen CJ, Chang WY, Wu YC. Anti-inflammatory spirostanol and furostanol saponins from Solanum macaonense. J Nat Prod 2014; 77: 1770 – 1783
[2] Lee CL, Hwang TL, Peng CY, Chen CJ, Kou CL, Chang WY, Wu YC. Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic compounds from Solanum macaonense. Nat Prod Commun 2015; 10: 345 – 348