The Cannabis plant and the endocannabinoids: how an ancient medical plant helps uncovering of a major signaling system in our body

Cannabis is one of the first plants used for medical purposes and for its euphoric effects in human history. Its beneficial effects has been demonstrated in numerous diseases, but its chronic use has also several adverse effects. Intense research during the last decades identified the endocannabinoid system, a chemical messenger system in our body, which underlie most consequences of cannabis use and abuse. In the present lecture, I will summarize the molecular and physiological logic of endocannabinoid signaling as well as will provide examples for its pathophysiological significance. In addition, I will also highlight recent efforts, which aim to exploit the therapeutic potential of cannabis without triggering unwanted side effects.