Planta Med 2016; 82(01/02): 76-83
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557902
Biological and Pharmacological Activitiy
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Antiplatelet Effects of Flavonoids Mediated by Inhibition of Arachidonic Acid Based Pathway

Jana Karlíčková
1   Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
,
Michal Říha
2   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
,
Tomáš Filipský
2   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
,
Kateřina Macáková
1   Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
,
Radomír Hrdina
2   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
,
Přemysl Mladěnka
2   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 05 January 2015
revised 28 July 2015

accepted 30 July 2015

Publication Date:
21 September 2015 (online)

Abstract

Flavonoids, important components of human diet, have been claimed to possess a significant antiplatelet potential, in particular due to their effects on the arachidonic acid cascade. Due to variable and incomplete results, this study was aimed at delivering a detailed analysis of the effects of 29 structurally relevant, mainly natural flavonoids on three consecutive steps of the arachidonic acid cascade.

Only the isoflavonoids genistein and daidzein were shown to possess a marked cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitory activity, which was higher than that of acetylsalicylic acid using the isolated ovine enzyme, and physiologically relevant, although lower than acetylsalicylic acid in human platelets. None of the tested flavonoids possesses an effect on thromboxane synthase in a clinically achievable concentration. Contrarily, many flavonoids, particularly those possessing an isolated 7-hydroxyl group and/or a 4′-hydroxyl group, acted as antagonists on thromboxane receptors. Interestingly, the substitution of the free 7-hydroxyl group by glucose might not abolish the activity.

In conclusion, the consumption of few flavonoids in a diet, particularly of the isoflavonoids genistein and daidzein, may positively influence platelet aggregation.

 
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