J Pediatr Infect Dis 2006; 01(02): 115-118
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557075
Case Report
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart – New York

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with enterovirus 71

Zenichiro Kato
a   Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
b   Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (CEID), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
c   Center for Advanced Drug Research (CADR), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
,
Kentaro Omoya
a   Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
,
Kenji E. Orii
a   Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
,
Naomi Kondo
a   Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
b   Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (CEID), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
c   Center for Advanced Drug Research (CADR), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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Publikationsverlauf

24. Januar 2006

19. April 2006

Publikationsdatum:
28. Juli 2015 (online)

Abstract

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that can occur during or after infections. A 2-year-old female was hospitalized in an unconsciousness state with fever. She had suffered from 5 days of hand-foot-mouth disease until 2 days before admission. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed high-intensity lesions at the cerebrum and cerebellum but not at the brainstem and spinal cord, confirming the diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Her illness was remarkably improved after the start of steroid therapy and she could recover without any sequele. The genetic analysis of the genome sequence revealed that the isolated strain was enterovirus 71. The phylogenetic analysis with the strains obtained from fatal brainstem encephalitis suggests an association between the genotypes and the neurological virulency.