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J Pediatr Intensive Care 2015; 04(02): 121-127
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1556754
Case Report
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Pediatric Noninvasive Ventilation

Cathy Haut
1   Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Pediatrix Medical Group at Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

11 October 2014

18 December 2014

Publication Date:
28 August 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Noninvasive ventilation has been available for many years for use in the pediatric population. Historically, continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel positive airway pressure modes were used for respiratory diseases, including neonatal apnea, bronchiolitis, asthma, and pneumonia. Newer studies suggest that noninvasive ventilation is also an effective and safe mode for support of children with acute respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure. The newest type of noninvasive respiratory support is high flow nasal cannula, which has gained popularity in the past few years and its use is being justified in the literature. Studies have shown that these therapies can decrease the need for intubation and ventilation, decrease length of intensive care days, and increase patient comfort. Additional research is needed to support optimal setting selection and recommendations for the use of noninvasive therapies for infants and children.

Keywords

noninvasive ventilation - pediatric noninvasive ventilation - heated high flow nasal cannula
 

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