The Effects of Solvent Polarity on Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Securigera Securidaca (L.) Seeds

A. Ahmadi; M. Khalili; Sh. Margedari; B. Nahri-Niknafs

doi:10.1055/s-0035-1555773

Drug Research, Table of Contents

Drug Res (Stuttg) 2016; 66(03): 130-135
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1555773

Original Article

The Effects of Solvent Polarity on Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Securigera Securidaca (L.) Seeds

A. Ahmadi

¹Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

,

M. Khalili

²Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

,

Sh. Margedari

¹Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

,

B. Nahri-Niknafs

¹Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

The search for indigenous natural antidiabetic and antilipidemec agents is still ongoing. Medicinal plants are widely used for this purpose. These herbs are very rich sources of bioactive compounds as flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, alkaloids which have been reported as effective role to reduce blood glucose and lipid levels. Securigera securidaca seed is reputed in folk medicine for their value as antidiabetic and antilipidemec drugs. In this research, the effect of solvent polarity in bioactive extraction contents of this plant was evaluated by GC-MS analysis. Then antidiabetic and antilipidemic activies of different extracts were investigated in streptozotocine-induced diabetic rats and compared to glibenclamide as known chemical drug for diabetes.The results indicated that, carbon tetrachloride extract of Securigera securidaca seeds showed the best and significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities compared to other extracts because of its more sterols and fatty acids content with beta cells protecting effect from high glucose-induced apoptosis and also increasing in insulin level and sensitivity.

Key words

solvent polarity - securigera securidaca seeds - blood glucose and lipid levels - streptozotocine-induced diabetic rats - sterols and fatty acids

Full Text

References

References
1 Rathish IG, Javed K, Bano S et al. Synthesis and blood glucose lowering effect of novel pyridazinone substituted benzenesulfonylurea derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44: 2673-2678
2 Garjani A, Fathiazad F, Zakheri A et al. The effect of total extract of Securigera securidaca L. seeds on serum lipid profiles, antioxidant status, and vascular function in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2009; 126: 525-532
3 Kameswara Rao B, Giri R, Kesavulu MM et al. Effect of oral administration of bark of Pterocarpus santalinus L. on blood glucose level in experimental animals. J Ethnopharmacol 2001; 74: 69-74
4 Sidhu MC, Tanu Sh. A Database of Antidiabetic Plant Species of Family Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae and Moraceae. Inter J Herb Med 2013; 1: 187-199
5 Kameswara RB, Kesavulu MM, Guiri R et al. Hepatic key enzyme in experimental diabetes. J Ethnopharmacol 1999; 1: 109-113
6 Ali AA, Mohamed MH, Kamel MS et al. Studies on Securigera securidaca (L.) Deg.et rfl. (Fabaceae) seeds, antidiabetic Egyptian folk medicine. Pharmazie 1998; 53: 710-715
7 Nagarajan S, Jain HC, Aulakh GS. Indigenous Plants Used in the Control of Diabetes. In: Research Laboratory Cultivation and Utilization of Medicinal Plants. Atal CK, Kapur BM. (Eds.). PID CSJR; Jammu Tawi: 1982. pp 584-604
8 Mard SA, Bahari Z, Eshaghi N et al. Antiulcerogenic Effect of Securigera securidaca L. Seed Extract on Various Experimental Gastric Ulcer Models in Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2008; 11: 2619-2623
9 Hosseinzadeh H, Ramezani M, Danaei AR. Antihyperglycemic effect and Acute Toxicity of Securigera securidaca L. seed extracts in mice. Phytother Res 2002; 16: 745-747
10 Sadat-Ebrahimi SE, Hassanpoor Mir M, Amin GR et al. Identification of amino acids in Securigera securidaca, a popular medicinal herb in Iranian folk medicine. Res J Pharmacog 2014; 1: 23-26
11 Pouramir M, Shahaboddin ME, Moghadamnia AA et al. To study the effects of Securigera securidaca (L.) seed against alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. J Med Plan Res 2011; 5: 3188-3191
12 Minaiyana M, Moattar F, Vali A. Effect of Securigera securidaca Seeds on Blood Glucose Level of Normal and Diabetic Rats. Iran J Pharm Sci 2006; 2: 151-156
13 Kavishankar GB, Lakshmidevi N. Anti-diabetic effect of a novel N-Trisaccharide isolated from Cucumis prophetarum on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. Phytomedicine 2014; 21: 624-630
14 Patel SS, Shah RS, Goyal RK. Antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of Dihar, a polyherbal ayurvedic formulation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Indian J Exp Biol 2009; 47: 564-570
15 Terpinc P, Polak T, Segatin N et al. Antioxidant properties of 4-vinyl derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acids. Food Chem 2011; 128: 62-69
16 Sabu MC, Kuttan R. Anti-diabetic activity of medicinal plants and its relationship with their antioxidant property. J Ethnopharmacol 2002; 81: 155-160
17 Faraji H, Lindsay RC. Antioxidant protection of bulk fish oils by dispersed sugars and polyhydric alcohols. J Agric Food Chem 2005; 53: 736-744
18 Husni A, Shin II-Sh, Chung D. Effect of extraction methods on antifungal activity of sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus). Agritech 2014; 34: 1-7
19 Kochikuzhyil BM, Devi K, Fattepur SR. Effect of saturated fatty acid-rich dietary vegetable oils on lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes and glucose tolerance in diabetic rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2010; 42: 142-145
20 Kusunoki M, Tsutsumi K, Nakayama M et al. Relationship between serum concentration of saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid and the homeostasis model insulin resistance index in Japanese patient with type 2 diabetes. J Med Invest 2007; 54: 243-247
21 Gupta R, Sharma AK, Dobhal MP et al. Antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of β-sitosterol in streptozotocin-induced experimental hyperglycemia. J Diabetes 2011; 3: 29-37
22 Kaymaz AA, Telci A, Albeniz I et al. Comparison of the metabolic and antioxidant effects of diltiazem and vitamin E on streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2004; 51: 265-267
23 Sies H. Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants. Exp Physiol 1997; 82: 291-295
24 Lee YS, Shin KH, Kim BK et al. Anti-diabetic activities of fucosterol from Pelvetia siliquosa. Arch Pharm Res 2004; 27: 1120-1122
25 Lee S, Lee YS, Jung SH et al. Anti-oxidant activities of fucosterol from the marine algae Pelvetia siliquosa. Arch Pharm Res 2003; 26: 719-722
26 Dubinskaia NI, Burlakova EB. Effect of the antioxidant, 4-methyl-2,6 di-tert-butylphenol on the mitotic division of epithelial cells of the small-intestinal crypts of mice depending on the degree of differentiation. Tsitologiia 1977; 19: 763-767
27 Youa Q, Chena F, Wang X et al. Anti-diabetic activities of phenolic compounds in muscadine against alpha-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. LWT- Food Sci Tech 2012; 46: 164-168
28 Tiong SH, Looi CY. Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties of Alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. Molecules 2013; 18: 9770-9784
29 Lin HR. Sesquiterpen lactons from tithonia diversifolia act as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22: 2954-2958
30 Hopia A, Heinonen M. Antioxidant activity of flavonol aglycones and their glycosides in methyl linoleat. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1999; 76: 139-144
31 Brownlee M. The pathobiology of diabetic complications: A unifying mechanism. Diabetes 2005; 54: 1615-1625
32 Jee SH, Ohrr H, Sull JW et al. Fasting serum glucose and cancer risk in Korean men and women. JAMA 2005; 293: 194-202
33 Bonetti PO, Lerman LO, Lerman A. Endothelial dysfunction: a marker of atherosclerotic risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23: 168-175
34 Zatula VV, Chernobrovaya NV, Kolesnikov DG. The structure of securi genin and its bioside securidaside. Chem Nat Comp 1966; 2: 438-439
35 Choi CW, Kim SC, Hwang SS et al. Antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging capacity between Korean medicinal plants and flavonoids by assay-guided comparison. Plant Science 2002; 163: 1161-1168
36 Francis G, Kerem Z, Makkar HP et al. The biological action of saponins in animal systems: a review. Br J Nutr 2002; 88: 587-605
37 Ma HY, Zhao ZT, Wang LJ et al. Comparative study on anti-hypercholesterolemia activity of diosgenin and total saponin of dioscorea panthacia. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2002; 27: 528-531
38 Bailey CJ, Turner RC. Metformin. New Engl J Med 1996; 334: 574-579
39 Sharma SR, Dwivedi SK, Swarup D. Hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Cesalpinia bounducella seeds in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 1997; 58: 39-44
40 Nolan CJ, Madiraju MS, Delghingaro-Augusto V et al. Fatty acid signaling in the beta-cell and insulin secretion. Diabetes 2006; 55 (Suppl. 02) S16-S23
41 Lai X, Kang X, Zeng L et al. The protective effects and genetic pathways of thorn grape seeds oil against high glucoseinduced apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells. BMC Complement Altern Med 2014; 14: 10
42 Maedler K, Oberholzer J, Bucher P et al. Monounsaturated fatty acids prevent the deleterious effects of palmitate and high glucose on human pancreatic beta-cell turnover and function. Diabetes 2003; 52: 726-733
43 Beeharry N, Chambers JA, Green IC. Fatty acid protection from palmitic acid-induced apoptosis is lost following PI3-kinase inhibition. Apoptosis 2004; 9: 599-607
44 Saeidnia S, Manayi A, Gohari AR et al. The Story of Beta-sitosterol- A Review. Eur J Med Plan 2014; 4: 590-609
45 Zak A, Zeman M, Vitkova D et al. Beta-sitosterol in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Cas Lek Cesk 1990; 129: 1320-1323
46 Baskar AA, Al Numair KS, Paulraj MG et al. β- Sitosterol prevents lipid peroxidation and improves antioxidant status and histoarchitecture in rats with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer. J Med Food 2012; 15: 35-43
47 Gupta A, Sharma AK, Dobhal MP et al. Antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of b-sitosterol in streptozotocin-induced experimental hyperglycemia. J Diabetes 2011; 3: 29-37