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Gesundheitswesen 2016; 78(10): 660-671
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1548852
Übersichtsarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Kosteneffektivität von pharmakologischen Raucherentwöhnungsmaßnahmen – ein systematisches Literaturreview

Cost-Effectiveness of Pharmacological Smoking Cessation Therapies – A Systematic Literature Review
I. Aumann
1   Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover
,
K. Rozanski
1   Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover
,
K. Damm
1   Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover
,
J.-M. Graf von der Schulenburg
1   Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
08 May 2015 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Studie: Tabakkonsum ist das bedeutsamste Gesundheitsrisiko weltweit. Folglich ist es notwendig, möglichst wirksame und kosteneffektive Entwöhnungsmaßnahmen bereitzustellen. In Deutschland werden die Kosten von pharmakologischen Raucherentwöhnungsmaßnahmen von den gesetzlichen Krankenkassen bisher nicht erstattet. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die Evidenz zur Kosteneffektivität bereits zugelassener pharmakologischer Entwöhnungshilfen darzustellen und deren Qualität zu bewerten.

Methodik: Relevante Publikationen wurden durch eine systematische Literaturrecherche in 8 Datenbanken inklusive Medline und Embase im April 2013 (Update April 2014) über das Deutsche Institut für medizinische Dokumentation und Information identifiziert. Gesucht wurden alle Studien zur Kosteneffektivität der Nikotinersatztherapie (NET), Vareniclin und Bupropion. Die Bewertung der Studienqualität erfolgte mithilfe des „Quality of Health Economic Studies“ (QHES) Instruments.

Ergebnisse: Von 10 340 identifizierten Studien konnten 33 final eingeschlossen werden. Die Studien stellten einen Vergleich der Pharmakotherapien zur medizinischen Beratung als auch einen Vergleich der Pharmakotherapien untereinander her. Der Großteil der Studien zeigt, dass eine zusätzliche Verschreibung von NET oder Bupropion zu einer medizinischen Beratung eine kosteneffektive Strategie ist und eine Dominanz von Vareniclin gegenüber Bupropion vorliegt. Insgesamt zeigte sich eine heterogene Studienqualität zwischen 45 und 80 Punkten (Ø 63,7 von 100 Punkten).

Schlussfolgerung: Die Studien zeigen, dass die Behandlung mit Vareniclin die kosteneffektivste Entwöhnungshilfe gefolgt von Bupropion und der NET ist. Allerdings lassen sich die Studien aufgrund unterschiedlicher Ausprägungen des Alters, Geschlechts sowie landesspezifischer Kosten nur unzureichend vergleichen.

Abstract

Aim of the Study: Through the promotion of smoking cessation premature mortality can be prevented. Therefore it is necessary to provide effective and cost-effective smoking cessation interventions. In Germany the cost of pharmacological smoking cessation measures are not yet reimbursed by the statutory health insurance. The aim of this study is to present the evidence on the cost-effectiveness of already approved pharmacological smoking cessation therapies and to evaluate their quality.

Method: A systematic literature research was conducted in the databases by DIMDI (Medline, Embase, etc.) in April 2013 (update April 2014). The study research was focused on studies for cost effectiveness of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), varenicline and bupropion. The assessment of study quality was performed using the "Quality of Health Economic Studies" (QHES) instrument.

Results: 33 Of the original 10 340 identified studies were finally included. The majority of the studies show that an additional prescription of NRT or bupropion to a medical consultation is a cost-effective strategy. In addition, in most studies varenicline is a dominant strategy compared to bupropion. Overall, the study quality was found to be very heterogeneous between 45 and 80 points (Ø 63.7 points).

Conclusion: The studies show that treatment with varenicline is the most cost effective strategy followed by bupropion and the NRT. However, the studies can only be compared inadequately due to different levels of age and country-specific intervention costs.

Schlüsselwörter

Kosteneffektivität - pharmakologische Raucherentwöhnungsmaßnahmen - Nikotin - Bupropion - Vareniclin

Key words

cost-effectiveness - pharmacological smoking cessation therapies - nicotine - bupropion - vareniclin
 

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