Gesunde und bunte Ernährung bei Brustkrebs^[*]

Zusammenfassung

Die Entstehung von Mammakarzinomen wird durch die Ernährungsweise mit beeinflusst. Auf Basis der Empfehlungen des World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) und des American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) sowie den Ergebnissen der EPIC-Studie hat vor allem die Vermeidung von Übergewicht sowie körperliche Aktivität und eine pflanzenbasierte Ernährung einen risikosenkenden Effekt auf das Mammakarzinom. Deutliche Hinweise auf einen risikosteigernden Effekt ergeben sich für Fleischprodukte und eine insgesamt fettreiche Ernährung. Die derzeitigen Erkenntnisse zur Krebsprävention bieten ein großes Potenzial, da die Empfehlungen zur Risikosenkung zeitnah in den Alltag integriert werden können.

Summary

Healthy and colorful nutrition in breast cancer

The development of breast cancer is influenced by nutrition. Based on the recommendations of the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) and the results from the EPIC study, obesity prevention in particular as well as physical activity and a plant-based diet have a risk-reducing effect on breast cancer. In comparison, evidence shows that a diet comprising of meat products and high-fat significantly increases the prevalence of breast cancer. The current evidence on cancer prevention offers a great potential due to the prompt integration of the risk reduction recommendations in everyday life.

Keywords

breast cancer - cancer - cancer prevention - nutrition - nutrition recommendations - secondary plant compounds - EPIC study

Schlüsselwörter

Brustkrebs - Krebs - Krebsprävention - Ernährung - Ernährungsempfehlungen - sekundäre Pflanzenstoffe - EPIC- Studie

• Literatur

• 1 Arnold M, Pandeya N, Byrnes G, Renehan AG, Stevens GA et al. Global burden of cancer attributable to high body-mass index in 2012: a population-based study. The Lancet Oncology 2015; 16(1): 36-46
• 2 Bihlmaier S. Tomatenrot + Drachengrün: Das Beste aus Ost und West – antikrebs-aktiv und abwehrstark. Weil der Stadt: Hädecke; 2014
• 3 Buck K, Vrieling A, Zaineddin AK, Becker S. Serum enterolactone and prognosis of postmenopausal breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29 (28): 3730-3738
• 4 Buckland G, Travier N, Cottet V et al. Adherence to the mediterranean diet and risk of breast cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition cohort study. Int J Cancer 2013; 132: 2918-2927
• 5 Byrne C, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Pollak M, Hankinson SE. Plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I, IGF-binding protein 3, and mammographic density. Cancer Res 2000; 60(14): 3744-3748
• 6 Cade JE. Burley VJ and Greenwood DC for the UK Women’s Cohort Study Steering Group. Dietary fibre and risk of breast cancer in the UK Women’s Cohort Study. Int J Epidemiol 2007; 36 (2): 431-438
• 7 Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U. S. adults. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1625-1638
• 8 Chajès V, Thiébaut AC, Rotival M et al. Association between serum trans-monounsaturated fatty acids and breast cancer risk in the E3N-EPIC Study. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 167(11): 1312-1320
• 9 De Stéfani E, Parkin DM, Khlat M et al. Cancer in migrants to Uruguay. Int J Cancer 1990; 46(2): 233-237
• 10 Doll R, Peto R. The causes of cancer. Quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today. J Natl Cancer Inst 1981; 66: 1193-1208
• 11 Eliassen AH, Hendrickson SJ, Brinton LA et al. Circulating carotenoids and risk of breast cancer: pooled analysis of eight prospective studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2012; 104(24): 1905-16
• 12 Ferrari P, Rinaldi S, Jenab M et al. Dietary fiber intake and risk of hormonal receptor-defined breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 97(2): 344-53
• 13 Feskanich D, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Frazier AL, Willett WC. Milk consumption during teenage years and risk of hip fractures in older adults. JAMA Pediatr 2014; 168(1): 54-60
• 14 Gaard M, Tretli S, Løken EB. Dietary fat and the risk of breast cancer: a prospective study of 25,892 Norwegian women. Int J Cancer 1995; 63(1): 13-17
• 15 Ganmaa D, Sato A. The possible role of female sex hormones in milk from pregnant cows in the development of breast, ovarian and corpus uteri cancers. Med Hypotheses 2005; 65(6): 1028-1037
• 16 Gonzalez CA. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Public Health Nutr 2006; 9(1A): 124-126
• 17 Jung S, Spiegelman D, Baglietto L, Bernstein L et al. Fruit and vegetable and risk of breast cancer by hormone receptor status. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013; 105(3): 219-236
• 18 LaPensee EW, Tuttle TR, Fox SR, Ben-Jonathan N. Bisphenol A at low nanomolar doses confers chemoresistance in estrogen receptor-α-positive and -negative breast cancer cells. Environ Health Perspect 2009; 117(2): 175-180
• 19 Li XM, Ganmaa D, Sato A. The experience of Japan as a clue to the etiology of breast and ovarian cancers: relationship between death from both malignancies and dietary practices. Med Hypotheses 2003; 60(2): 268-275
• 20 Michaëlsson K, Wolk A, Langenskiöld S et al. Milk intake and risk of mortality and fractures in women and men: cohort studies. BMJ 2014; 349: g6015-
• 21 Nechuta SJ, Lu W, Cai H et al. Cruciferous vegetable intake after diagnosis of breast cancer and survival: a report from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Survival Study. Abstract LB-322. In: Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4. Chicago, Il;. 2012
• 22 Neuhouser ML, Aragaki AK, Prentice RL et al. Overweight, obesity, and postmenopausal invasive breast cancer risk: a secondary analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA Oncol 2015;
• 23 Newcomb PA, Kampman E, Trentham-Dietz A et al. Alcohol consumption before and after breast cancer diagnosis: associations with survival from breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other causes. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31(16): 1939-1946
• 24 Norat T, Dossus L, Rinaldi S et al. Diet, serum insulin-like growth factor-I and IGF-binding protein-3 in European women. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007; 61(1): 91-98
• 25 Renehan AG, Zwahlen M, Minder C et al. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein-3, and cancer risk: systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Lancet 2004; 363(9418): 1346-1353
• 26 Reuss-Borst M et al. Wie ernähren sich Frauen mit Brustkrebs in Deutschland?. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 2011; 136 (12): 575-581
• 27 Rohm M, Herzig S, Schafmeier T. Rund und gesund?. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Onkologie 2014; 46: 167-174
• 28 Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Bueno de Mesquita HB et al. Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Medicine 2013; 11: 63-
• 29 Rose DP, Boyar AP, Wynder EL. International comparisons of mortality rates for cancer of the breast, ovary, prostate, and colon, and per capita food consumption. Cancer 1986; 58(11): 2363-2371
• 30 Schulz M, Hoffmann K, Weikert C et al. Identification of a dietary pattern characterized by high-fat food choices associated with increased risk of breast cancer: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study. Br J Nutr 2008; 100(5): 942-946
• 31 Sharma D, Wang J, Fu PP et al. Adiponectin antagonizes the oncogenic actions of leptin in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Hepatology 2010; 52: 1713-1722
• 32 Sieri S, Chiodini P, Agnoli C et al. Dietary fat intake and development of specific breast cancer subtypes. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106 (5): dju068- first published online April 9, 2014
• 33 Sieri S, Krogh V, Muti P et al. Fat and protein intake and subsequent breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Nutr Cancer 2002; 42(1): 10-17
• 34 Steinmetz KA, Potter JD. Vegetables, fruit, and cancer. I. Epidemiology. Cancer Causes Control 1991; 2: 325-357
• 35 Suzuki R, Iwasaki M, Hara A. et al.; Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Group. Fruit and vegetable intake and breast cancer risk defined by estrogen and progesterone receptor status: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24(12): 2117-28
• 36 Tantamango-Bartley Y, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fan J, Fraser G. Vegetarian diets and the incidence of cancer in a low risk population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22(2): 286-294
• 37 Toniolo P, Riboli E, Shore RE, Pasternack BS. Consumption of meat, animal products, protein, and fat and risk of breast cancer: a prospective cohort study in New York. Epidemiology 1994; 5(4): 391-397
• 38 Trichopoulou A, Bamia C, Lagiou P, Trichopoulos D. Conformity to traditional Mediterranean diet and breast cancer risk in the Greek EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92(3): 620-5
• 39 WCRF/AICR (World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research) Food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Washington DC AICR; 2007a:517; www.dietandcancerreport.org
• 40 WCRF/AICR (World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research) Ernährung, körperliche Aktivität und Krebsprävention: Eine globale Perspektive. London: WCRF; 2007b:16; www.dge.de/pdf/ws/WCRF-Report-summary-de.pdf
• 41 Wolin KY, Carson K, Colditz G. Obesity and cancer. The Oncologist 2010; 15: 556-65
• 42 Ziegler RG, Hoover RN, Pike MC et al. Migration patterns and breast cancer risk in Asian-American women. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993; 85(22): 1819-1827