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DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1395115
Influence of harvesting time in the essential oil contents and in the antimicrobial profile of the fresh and dried leaves of Lantana camara collected in Roraima, Brazil
The objective of this study was to determine variation of the chemical composition of the essential oil of the species Lantana camara leaves (fresh and dried) collected in the course of 12 hours, at 6 am, 12 pm and 6 pm, in Boa Vista city, Roraima, Brazil. The essential oils were extracted from the fresh leaves by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The leaves were dried for 7 days and the same techniques were applied. The yields of the essential oil were between 0.05 to 0.30%. Twenty components were identified, from which the major components were identified as Germacrene-D (36.1%), Germacrene-B (12.8%) and β-Caryophyllene (13.0%) [1]. The essential oils yield, composition and concentration of the chemical components varied greatly according to the harvesting time. as well as its geographical location in the same nation or other countries. In another city in Brazil, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, the yield was 0.33% [1], but there are higher incomes, as Nigeria with 0.44% [2] and Iran with 0.63% [3]. The essential oil content suffers geographical influences, depending on the freshness of the samples, as well as due to harvesting times (morning, afternoon and evening), climatic conditions, among many others [4]. Certainly, the plant under study underwent these abiotic factors present different results to other regions as was mentioned above. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined against some bacteria and fungi. The essential oil tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sanguinis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans. The minimum concentration for the essential oil against bacteria pathogens tested was between 500 and 250 µg/mL. Antifungal activities were observed for all concentrations [1].There are reports of biological activities, but the species under study showed satisfactory results with 100% inhibition for some concentrations against bacteria and almost 100% for the fungus C. albicans.
Keywords: Antibacterial, antifungal, volatile oil, germacrene, β-caryophyllene
References:
[1] Machado R.R.P., et al. (2012) Essential oil from leaves of Lantana camara: a potential source of medicine against leishmaniasis. Brazil J Pharm, 5: 1011 – 1017.
[2] Oyedeji O.A., et al. (2003) Volatile leaf oil constituents of Lantana camaraL from Nigeria. Flavour Fragr J, 18: 384 – 386.
[3] Sefidkon, F. (2002) Essential oil of Lantana camaraL. occurring in Iran. Flavour Fragr J, 17: 78 – 80. 4. Figueiredo, A.C., et al. (2008) Factors Affecting Secondary Metabolite Production in Plants: Volatile Components and Essential Oil. A Review. Flavour Fragr J, 23: 213 – 226.