Planta Med 2014; 80 - P2B89
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1394966

Essential oil composition from Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass. subspecies, cultivated in two biogeographically different regions, Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic Rain Forest

L Raggi 1, I Cordeiro 1, PRH Moreno 2, MCM Young 1
  • 1Instituto de Botânica, Avenida Miguel Stefano, 3687, 04045 – 972, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 2Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, 05513 – 970, São Paulo, Brazil

Porophyllum ruderale (Asteraceae), known as “arnica paulistana”, is used for wound healing, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. According to Jonhson [1] P. ruderale has two subspecies: Porophyllum ruderale subsp. macrocephalum (PRM) and Porophyllum ruderale subsp. ruderale (PRR) occuring in São Paulo. The present work aims to compare the chemical composition of essential oils from both Porophyllum ruderale subspecies cultivated in two biogeographically different regions, Brazilian Cerrado (Mogi-Guaçu, São Paulo) and Atlantic Rain Forest (Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo) in different phenological stages. Both plants were cultivated in Mogi-Guaçu (MGÇ) and Instituto de Botânica (IBt) and aerial parts were harvested at three different phenological stages (i.e. vegetative, flowering and fruiting). The essential oils were analysed by GC/MS. The yield of essential oil was highest in the fruiting stage 0.6 and 1.0 mg.g-1 fresh weight for PRM and PRR, respectively. In all phenological stages, the main components were limonene (30 – 83%) to PRM and E-β-ocimene (25 – 54%), limonene (14 – 26%) and β-pinene (5 – 12%) to PRR, in both regions. PRM essential oil presented 22 constituents in vegetative stage while in flowering and fruiting stages 6 compounds were identified. To PRR there was small variation in the number of constituents of essential oil (15 – 11). The results showed that the chemical composition of the essential oils of the two subspecies is different regardless the growing region. Furthermore great variations exist among the vegetative and reproductive stages with regard to chemical composition of PRM oils.

Acknowledgements: CNPq and Pos-graduate Program in Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente.

Keywords: Porophyllum ruderale, phenological variations, essential oils, arnica, Cerrado, Atlantic Rain forest

References:

[1] Johnson R.R. (1969) Univ. Kans. Sci. Bull.48:225 – 267