Tonuserhöhung nach Schädel-Hirn-Trauma: Akut- und Postakutphase

Zusammenfassung

Eine Tonuserhöhung der Skelettmuskulatur wird klinisch definiert als Widerstand bei passiver Bewegung [17]. Dieser Widerstand wird durch die Aktivierung des Muskels (= neurale Komponente) sowie durch die Veränderungen des Bindegewebes des Muskels und der Sehnen (= nicht neurale Komponente) verursacht. Obwohl diese Definition klar und einleuchtend ist, tauchen in der Praxis viele Fragen auf, z. B. welche Rolle die Geschwindigkeit der passiven Bewegung spielt, ob der Widerstand abhängig von der Körperposition des Patienten ist, wie er skaliert wird, wie die neurale von der nicht neuralen Komponente unterschieden und die neurale Komponente weiter differenziert werden kann.

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