Subscribe to RSS
Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00000160.xml
neuroreha 2014; 06(03): 108-112
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1390234
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1390234
Schwerpunkt Schädel-Hirn-Trauma
Überblick Schädel-Hirn-Trauma: Ursachen, Häufigkeit und Schweregrade
Further Information
Publication History
Publication Date:
09 September 2014 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Pro Jahr rechnen wir in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland mit über 260.000 Schädel-Hirn-Verletzten aller Schweregrade. Obwohl die Zahl der Betroffenen in Deutschland deutlich geringer ist als in Schweden oder in den USA, ist das Schädel-Hirn-Trauma die häufigste Todesursache der 45-Jährigen. Wie entsteht ein Schädel-Hirn-Trauma und welche Folgen haben knöcherne Verletzungen der Schädeldecke für die Betroffenen? Diese und weitere Fragen beantwortet Eckhard Rickels in seinem Überblick zum Schädel-Hirn-Trauma.
-
Literatur
- 1 Adams H, Mitchell DE, Graham DI et al. Diffuse brain damage of immediate impact type – its relationship to primary brain-stem damage in head injury. Brain 1977; 100: 489-502
- 2 Andersson EH, Bjorklund R, Emanuelson I et al. Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury: A population based study in Western Sweden. Acta Neurol Scand 2003; 107: 256-259
- 3 Bouma GJ, Muizelaar JP. Relationship between cardiatic output and cerebral blood flow in patients with intact and impaired autoregulation. J. Neurosurg 1990; 73: 368-374
- 4 Bouma GJ. Blood pressure and intracranial pressure-volume dynamics in severe head injury: Relationship with cerebral blood flow. Neurosurg 1992; 77: 15-19
- 5 Braakmann R, Habbema JDF, Gelpke GJ. Prognosis and prediction of outcome in comatose head injured patients. Acta Neurochir 1986; (Suppl. 36) 112-117
- 6 Chesnut RM, Marshall SB, Piek J et al. Early and late systemic hypotension as a frequent and fundamental source of cerebral ischemia following severe brain injury in the Traumatic Coma Data Bank. Acta Neurochir Suppl 1993; 95: 121-125
- 7 Frowein RA. Classification of coma. Acta Neurochir 1976; 34: 5-10
- 8 Gennarelli TA. Cerebral concusssion snd diffuse brain injuries. In: Cooper P, (ed) Head Injury. Williams and Wilkens; 1982: 83-97
- 9 Hoffmann M, Lefering R, Rueger JM et al. Trauma Registry of the German Society for Trauma Surgery. Pupil evaluation in addition to Glasgow Coma Scale components in prediction of traumatic brain injury and mortality. Br J Surg 2012; (Suppl. 01) 99: 122-130
- 10 Hukkelhoven CW, Steyerberg EW, Rampen AJ et al. Patient age and outcome following severe traumatic brain injury: An analysis of 5600 patients. J Neurosurg 2003; 99: 666-673
- 11 Jager TE, Weiss HB, Coben JH et al. Traumatic brain injury elevated in US emergency departments; 1992–1994. Acad Emerg Med 2000; 07: 134-140
- 12 Jennett B. Epidemiology of head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996; 60: 362-369
- 13 Kraus JF, Black MA, Hessol N et al. The incidence of acute brain injury and serious impairment on a defined population. Am J Epidemiol 1984; 119: 186-201
- 14 Marion DW, Cartier PM. Problems with initial Glasgow Coma Scale Assessment caused by prehospital treatment of patients with head injuries: Results of a national survey. J of Trauma 1994; 36: 89-95
- 15 Marshall LF, Toole BM, Bowers SA. The National Trauma Data Bank, Part 2: Patients who talk and deteriorate: Implications for treatment. J Neurosurg 1983; 59: 285-288
- 16 Nygren A, Hansson PG, Tingvall C. Acute injury scaling related to residual disability. Acta Neurochirurgia 1986; (Suppl. 36) 25-27
- 17 Ommaya AK. Mechanism of cerebral concussion, contusion and other effects of head injury in: Newman’s Neurological Surgery. IV. 1977
- 18 Oppenheimer DR. Microscopic lesions in the brain following head injury. J Neurol Neurosur Psychiatry 1968; 31: 299-306
- 19 Pingel A, Schweigkofler U, Kandziora F et al. Management des Schädel-Hirn-Traumas beim Polytrauma – Diagnostik und Therapie. Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie up2date 2010; 5: 1-22
- 20 Rickels E, von Wild K, Wenzlaff P. Head injury in Germany: A population-based prospective study on epidemiology, causes, treatment and outcome of all degrees of head-injury severity in two distinct areas. Brain Inj 2010; 24: 1491-1504
- 21 Servadei F, Teasdale G, Merry G. Defining acute mild head injury in adults: A proposal based on prognostic factors, diagnosis, and management. J Neurotrauma 2001; 18: 657-664
- 22 Starmark JE, Stalhammer D, Holmgren E et al. A comparison of the Glasgow Coma Scale and the Reaction Level Scale (RLS 85). J Neurosurg 1988; 69: 699-706
- 23 Strich S. Diffuse degeneration of the cerebral white matter in severe dementia following head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1956; 19: 163-185
- 24 Teasdale E, Jennett B. Assessment of coma in impaired consciousness: A practical scale. Lancet 1974; ii: 81-84
- 25 Teasdale GM, Murray G, Anderson E et al. Risks of acute traumatic intracranial haematoma in children and adults: Implications for managing head injuries. BMJ 1990; 300: 363-367
- 26 www.cdc.gov/concussion/index.html Gilchrist J, Thomas KE, Xu L et al. Nonfatal sports and recreation related traumatic brain injuries among children and adolescents treated in emergency departments in the United States, 2001-2009. MMWR 2011; 60: 1337-1342
- 27 www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/Thematisch/Gesundheit/Todesursachen/ Todesursachen2120400127004.pdf?__blob=publicationFile
- 28 www.tbi-impact.org/?p=impact/calc