Malignant High Standard Rhabdoid and Spindle Cell (Sarcoma) Surveying in the Thyroid Gland — Case Report

Introduction: Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer of the head and neck. It represents 0.6% and 1.6% of all tumors that affect men and women, respectively. However, primary sarcomas of the thyroid are rare, with few cases reported in the literature.

Objective: The study aims to report a case of possible high-grade sarcoma of the thyroid.

Resumed Report: A 32-year-old male patient, with cervical bulging 1 month ago, rapid and progressive growth associated with pain in thyroid topography radiating to the neck. Physical examination: Cervical tumor in the thyroid gland topography, boundaries inaccurate, paralysis of the right vocal fold. Ultrasonography: Increased thyroid lobe (LT) right (164 cm3), hypovascular and heterogeneous echo texture, extending to mediastinum, LT left 4 cm3, bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy more prominent in chains III and IV on the right with compression of the internal jugular vein right. Citology and core biopsy was inconclusive. Sample freezing, keeping inconclusive results, so opted for tracheostomy with total thyroidectomy, and bilateral and mediastinal neck dissection. Patient died after spontaneous rupture of the brachiocephalic trunk. Histopathologic: Malignancy high degree of rhabdoid and spindle cell, possible high-grade sarcoma, uncertain differentiation, including synovial sarcoma bit differentiated, T4 N2 Mx.

Conclusion: Sarcomas prevalence is approximately 1% of all malignancies, whereas 15 to 20% of these occur in the head and neck. However, only 0.0145 are primary tumors of the thyroid. So this article reports a case of possible high grade sarcoma of the thyroid.