Vertigo as a Sequela of Cerebral Vascular Accident: Case Report and Literature Review

Introduction: The vertigos are classified peripheral, when from the labyrinth and eighth cranial nerve, and central, they affect the core of the VIII nerve pathways and their interrelationships in the central nervous system. Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) vertebrobasilar is difficult to be recognized by semiological data; it can present clinically similar to a labyrinth entity. Thrombosis and occlusion of the basilar artery represents just 3% of IVTE.

Objective: The study aims to report a case of a patient with vertiginous syndrome associated with cerebral vascular accident.

Case Report: A 46-year-old smoker (J.G.S.) was admitted at UPA with vertigo, nausea, vomiting, and sudden onset of dysphonia, being diagnosed with “labyrinthitis” in less than 24 hours and was discharged after medication and referred to the otorhinolaryngologist. From this service, the patient complained of dizziness, dysphonia, and difficulty in walking. On examination, there is spontaneous nystagmus, ataxia of gait, and videolaryngoscopy showed paralysis of the right vocal fold, which lead to raised hypothesis of ischemic stroke in the brainstem. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed ischemic area topography bulb.

Conclusion: The vertigo of central origin is an important differential diagnosis of vertigo of peripheral origin, with the necessary semiological data in the initial rating.