Risikoevaluation vor sportlicher Aktivität

Zusammenfassung

Eine (sport-)medizinische Untersuchung vor Aufnahme einer sportlichen Aktivität wird empfohlen, um potenziell bedrohliche kardiale Erkrankungen zu erkennen. Die Anamnese sollte hierbei auch die Familien- und Sportanamnese beinhalten. Ein obligater Bestandteil der Vorsorgeuntersuchung stellt das Ruhe-EKG dar. Bei der Interpretation des Ruhe-EKGs sind Kenntnisse über physiologische, sportbedingte Veränderungen essenziell. Atypische, nicht primär sportbedingte Veränderungen müssen weiter abgeklärt werden, um eine kardiale Grunderkrankung auszuschließen. Eine weiterführende Diagnostik wird entweder bei auffälligen Befunden, Vorhandensein von Risikofaktoren oder symptomatischen Personen durchgeführt.

Abstract

Preparticipation screening is recommended prior to physical activity. Beside the personal medical history family history and sports activity should be recorded. Rest-ECG is an obligatory part of preparticipation. For interpretation of rest-ECG knowledge about physiological alterations due to physical activity is necessary. Atypical not primarily sports-related alterations need further evaluation to rule out cardiovascular disease. Additional examinations are recommended in case of abnormal findings, in persons with risk factors or in symptomatic individuals.

Schlüsselwörter

Sportherz - plötzlicher Herztod - Sport - Prävention

Key words

Athleteʼs heart - sudden cardiac death - sports - prevention

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