Implantation: Mutual Activity of Sex Steroid Hormones and the Immune System Guarantee the Maternal–Embryo Interaction

Yulia Gnainsky; Nava Dekel; Irit Granot

doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376353

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine, Table of Contents

Semin Reprod Med 2014; 32(05): 337-345
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1376353

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Implantation: Mutual Activity of Sex Steroid Hormones and the Immune System Guarantee the Maternal–Embryo Interaction

Yulia Gnainsky

¹Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

,

Nava Dekel

¹Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

,

Irit Granot

²IVF Unit, Herzliya Medical Center, Herzliya, Israel

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Implantation is strictly dependent on the mutual interaction between a receptive endometrium and the blastocyst. Hence, synchronization between blastocyst development and the acquisition of endometrial receptivity is a prerequisite for the success of this process. This review depicts the cellular and molecular events that coordinate these complex activities. Specifically, the involvement of the sex steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone, as well as components of the immune system, such as cytokines and specific blood cells, is elaborated.

Keywords

endometrium - immune cells - estrogen - progesterone - cytokines

Full Text

References

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