Maximal Lactate Steady State in Kayaking

Y. Li; M. Niessen; X. Chen; U. Hartmann

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1364026

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Table of Contents

Int J Sports Med 2014; 35(11): 939-942
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1364026

Training & Testing

Maximal Lactate Steady State in Kayaking

Y. Li

¹Institute of Movement and Training Science II, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

,

M. Niessen

¹Institute of Movement and Training Science II, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

,

X. Chen

²Department of Physical Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China

,

U. Hartmann

¹Institute of Movement and Training Science II, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

A fixed blood lactate value of 4 mM was commonly used to calculate workload at maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in kayaking. Our purpose was to measure the actual blood lactate value at MLSS and workload at MLSS in kayaking and assess the validity of using a fixed blood lactate value to calculate the workload at MLSS. 8 junior kayakers (15.1±1.2 years; 179.9±7.3 cm; 72.3±4.9 kg) participated in an incremental workload test and 4–6 sub-maximal constant workload tests (duration of 30 min) on a kayaking ergometer. Blood lactate was measured to calculate the blood lactate value and workload at MLSS. The blood lactate value at MLSS in kayaking was 5.4±0.7 mM. The measured workload at MLSS (112±22 watts) was significantly greater than the calculated workload using a lactate value of 4 mM (104±18 watts, p=0.016). The measured MLSS workload was not significantly different from the calculated workload using a fixed lactate value of 5.4 mM (115±19 watts, p=0.16) or 5.0 mM (113±19 watts, p=0.78) in the incremental tests. A fixed blood lactate value of 5 mM instead of 4 mM might be a better estimate in kayaking given the incremental workload test used in this study.

Key words

anaerobic threshold - ergometer - incremental test - lactate - workload

Full Text

References

References
1 Beneke R. Anaerobic threshold, individual anaerobic threshold, and maximal lactate steady state in rowing. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27: 863-867
2 Beneke R, Heck H, Hebestreit H, Leithauser RM. Predicting maximal lactate steady state in children and adults. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2009; 21: 493-505
3 Beneke R, Heck H, Schwarz V, Leithauser R. Maximal lactate steady state during the second decade of age. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28: 1474-1478
4 Beneke R, Hutler M, Leithauser RM. Maximal lactate-steady-state independent of performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32: 1135-1139
5 Beneke R, Leithauser RM, Hutler M. Dependence of the maximal lactate steady state on the motor pattern of exercise. Br J Sports Med 2001; 35: 192-196
6 Beneke R, von Duvillard SP. Determination of maximal lactate steady state response in selected sports events. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28: 241-246
7 Billat V, Dalmay F, Antonini MT, Chassain AP. A method for determining the maximal steady state of blood lactate concentration from two levels of submaximal exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 1994; 69: 196-202
8 Billat VL, Sirvent P, Py G, Koralsztein JP, Mercier J. The concept of maximal lactate steady state: a bridge between biochemistry, physiology and sport science. Sports Med 2003; 33: 407-426
9 Bishop D. Physiological predictors of flat-water kayak performance in women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2000; 82: 91-97
10 Brooks GA. Current concepts in lactate exchange. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1991; 23: 895-906
11 Capousek J. Control and Planning Training. In ICF Coach Symposium. Warsaw, Poland: 2009
12 Dekerle J, Nesi X, Lefevre T, Depretz S, Sidney M, Marchand FH, Pelayo P. Stroking parameters in front crawl swimming and maximal lactate steady state speed. Int J Sports Med 2005; 26: 53-58
13 Englert M, Kiessler R. Analysen und Erkenntnisse aus der Sicht des Spitzensports im Kanurennsport und Kanuslalom. Z Angew Trainingswiss 2009; 1: 24-39
14 Foster C, Rundell KW, Snyder AC, Stray-Gundersen J, Kemkers G, Thometz N, Broker J, Knapp E. Evidence for restricted muscle blood flow during speed skating. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999; 31: 1433-1440
15 Gladden LB. Muscle as a consumer of lactate. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32: 764-771
16 Harriss D, Atkinson G. 2014 Update-ethical standards in sport and exercise science research. Int J Sports Med 2013; 34: 1025-1028
17 Hartmann U, Mader A, Hollmann W. Die Beziehung zwischen Laktat, Sauerstoffaufnahme und Leistung im zweistufigen Ruderergometertest bei Rudern unterschiedlicher Leistungsfaehrigketi. In: Steinacker JM. ed. Rudern – Sportmedizinische und sportwissenschaftliche Aspekte. Berlin: Springer; 1988: 110-117
18 Hartmann U, Mader A, Petersmann G, Grabow V, Hollmann W. Verhalten von Herzfrequenz und Laktat waehrend ruderspezifischer Trainingsmethoden – Untersuchungen bei A- und B-Kaderrudern und deren Interpretation fuer die Trainingssteuerung. Dtsch Z Sportmed 1989; 40: 200-212
19 Heck H. Laktat in der Leistungsdiagnostik. Schorndorf: Karl Hofmann; 1990
20 Heck H, Mader A, Hess G, Muecke S, Mueller R, Hollmann W. Justification of the 4-mmol/l lactate threshold. Int J Sports Med 1985; 6: 117-130
21 Heck H, von Rosen I, Rosskopf P. Dynamik des Blutlaktats bei konstanter Fahrrad- und Drehkurbelarbeit. In: Liesen H, Weiss M, Baum M. eds. Regulations- und Repairmechanismen. Koeln: Deutscher Aerzte-Verlage. 1994: 187-190
22 Johnson MA. Data on the distribution of fiber types in thirty-six human muscles. An autopsy study. J Neurol Sci 1973; 18: 111-129
23 Kahl J. DKV-Rahmentrainingskonzeption – Kanurennsport und Kanuslalom. Duisburg: Deutscher Kanu- Verband- Wirtschafts- und Verlags GmbH; 2005
24 Koppo K, Bouckaert J, Jones AM. Oxygen uptake kinetics during high-intensity arm and leg exercise. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2002; 133: 241-250
25 Mader A, Hermann H. A theory of the metabolic origin of “anaerobic threshold”. Int J Sports Med 1986; 7: 45-65
26 Mader A, Liesen H, Heck H, Philipi H, Rost R, Schuerch P, Hollmann W. Zur Beurteilung der sportartspezifischen Ausdauerleistungsfähigkeit im Labor. Sportarzt & Sportmed. 1976; 27: S80-S88 und S109–S112
27 Pendergast DR. Cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic responses to upper body exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1989; 21: S121-S125
28 Pendergast DR, Cerretelli P, Rennie DW. Aerobic and glycolytic metabolism in arm exercise. J Appl Physiol 1979; 47: 754-760
29 Tesch PA. Physiological characteristics of elite kayak paddlers. Can J Appl Sport Sci 1983; 8: 87-91
30 Wasserman K. The anaerobic threshold measurement to evaluate exercise performance. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984; 129: S35