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Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie 2013; 34(05): 214-220
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1349766
Forschung
Harnwegsinfektionen
© Haug Verlag in MVS Medizinverlage Stuttgart GmbH & Co. KG

Traditionell angewandte Drogen bei unkomplizierten Entzündungen der ableitenden Harnwege verursacht durch uropathogene E. coli.

In-vitro-Untersuchungen zu antiadhäsiv wirkenden Extrakten
Nasli Rafsanjany
,
Matthias Lechtenberg
,
Frank Petereit
,
Andreas Hensel
Subject Editor:
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
25 October 2013 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Unkomplizierte Infektionen der ableitenden Harnwege (uncomplicated urinary tract infections, UTI) stellen volkswirtschaftlich ein relevantes Krankheitsbild dar. Sie verursachen durch die hohe Rezidivrate einen häufig großen Leidensdruck und erfordern zahlreiche, meist antibiotische Behandlungen. Im Rahmen einer systematischen Untersuchung traditionell gegen UTI eingesetzter Arzneipflanzen wurde innerhalb einer In-vitro-Teilstudie untersucht, inwieweit solche Drogen potenzielle antiadhäsive Effekte gegenüber uropathogenen Escherichia coli (UPEC) und deren Erkennungs- und Anheftungsstrategien an humane Blasenzellen aufweisen.

Nach Literaturrecherche und einem validierten Selektionsprozess wurden 20 Arten für weiterführende Untersuchungen ausgewählt. Für 5 Drogen wurden deutliche antiadhäsive Effekte identifiziert, die eine signifikante Verminderung des Anheftens der Bakterien an die Wirtszelle belegen. Extrakte aus den Rhizomen von Agropyron repens L. und aus Maisgriffeln (Zea mays L.) reduzierten die bakterielle Adhäsion deutlich (IC25 = 630 μg/ml und IC50 = 1040 μg/ml), wobei gezeigt werden konnte, dass diese Extrakte Hemmwirkung auf Adhäsionsproteine der Bakterienaußenseite aufweisen. Extrakte aus Birkenblättern, Orthosiphonblättern und Brennnesselkraut wiesen ebenfalls deutliche antiadhäsive Effekte gegenüber UPEC auf, wobei in diesem Fall UPEC-bindende Stellen der Blasenzellen als Angriffspunkt identifiziert werden konnten. Kombinationen von Extrakten, die ihren Angriffspunkt auf der Bakterienaußenseite haben (Z. mays, A. repens) mit Auszügen, die gegenüber der Wirtszellseite interagieren (Orthosiphon spp.), zeigten signifikante synergistische Effekte mit deutlich reduzierten IC50-Werten.

Die vorliegenden Untersuchungen belegen, dass einige der häufig gegen UTI eingesetzten Arzneidrogen deutliche antiadhäsive Effekte aufweisen. Die gezielte Kombination unterschiedlicher Drogen, wie sie traditionell häufig in Blasen-Nieren-Tees durchgeführt wird, erscheint aufgrund unterschiedlicher molekularer Targets gerechtfertigt und sollte phytotherapeutisch in der klinischen Praxis gezielt genutzt werden.

Summary

Traditional herbal drugs against uncomplicated urinary tract infections. In vitro investigations of their anti-adhesive effects against uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Within a systematic project of medicinal plants, used traditionally against uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI), this study investigated anti-adhesive effects of plant extracts against uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). For systematic evaluation of herbal drugs used against UTI a literature search revealed 275 different plant species. By using a validated selection process 20 species were selected. EtOH-water extracts (1:1) showed no direct cytotoxicity against UPEC (strain 2980) and against the human bladder cell line T24 within the concentration range of 1 to 2000 μg/mL. Five species exerted significant anti-adhesive effects with inhibition of bacterial adhesion to the host cells. Extracts from the rhizomes of Agropyron repens L. and from the stigmata from Zea mays L. reduced bacterial adhesion with IC25 630 μg/mL resp. IC50 1040 μg/mL; the extracts acted against adhesion proteins of the bacteria.

Extracts from the leaves of Betula spp. (IC50 415 μg/mL), Orthosiphon spp. (1330 μg/mL) and Urtica spp. (IC25 580 μg/mL) had anti-adhesive effects against UPEC, but interacted with binding proteins of the T24 cells. Combination of extracts with targets on the bacterial side and the host cell had significantly decreased IC50 values (131 μg/mL for combination of Z. mays with Orthosiphon spp. resp. 511 μg/mL for A. repens and Orthosiphon spp.).

The data rationalize the use of such phytopharmaceutical preparations, often found in traditional phytotherapy, against UPEC. Combination of these medicinal plants with different targets, as done often in phytotherapy, results in synergistic effects.

Schlüsselwörter

Adhäsion - Blasenentzündung - Zytoprotektion - uropathogene E. coli - UPEC

Key words

Adhesion - cystitis - herbals - uropathogenic E. coli - UPEC
 

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