Bioactive Constituents from Hydrangea seemannii and Identification in the Fingerprint of the Infusion Development by UPLC-PDA

Hydrangea seemannii L. Riley (Hydrangeaceae) is used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment type II diabetes mellitus. An aqueous extract from the aerial parts of the plant, orally administered to normal and diabetic mice, showed significant hypoglycemic effect. The extract attenuated postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic mice during oral glucose and sucrose tolerance tests. These results demonstrated that H. seemannii is effective for controlling fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels in animal models. Phytochemical investigation of the active extract led to the isolation of quercetin (1), kaempferol (2), isoquercetin (3), astragalin (4), quercetin 3-O-β-L-arabinopyranoside (5), rutin (6), nicotiflorin (7), chlorogenic acid (8), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (9) and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (10). Most of the isolated compounds have demonstrated significant hypoglycemic or antihyperglycemic effects; therefore, they are the active principles of the plant.