Wirksamkeit web-basierter psychologischer Interventionen zur Gewichtsreduktion – ein systematisches Review

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund:

Gewichtsreduktion ist ein wichtiges Ziel in der Rehabilitation körperlicher Erkrankungen. Das vorliegende systematische Review untersucht die Wirksamkeit web-basierter psychologischer Interventionen zur Gewichtsreduktion.

Methoden:

Eingeschlossen wurden randomisierte, kontrollierte Studien zur Wirksamkeit webbasierter psychologischer Interventionen zur Gewichtsreduktion im Vergleich zu Warteliste oder Standardbehandlung. Ergebnismaße waren Body Mass Index (BMI), Gewicht und Taillenumfang. Effektstärken wurden basierend auf Random Effects Modellen berechnet.

Ergebnisse:

5 Studien wurden eingeschlossen. Probanden der Interventionsgruppe reduzierten ihren BMI (weighted mean difference – WMD=−0,49 [95%-KI: −0,95; −0,03]), ihr Gewicht (WMD=−1,32 [−2,59; −0,06]) und ihren Taillenumfang (WMD=−2,35 [−3,18; −1,52]) ­signifikant stärker als die Kontrollgruppe.

Diskussion:

Web-basierte psychologische Interventionen führen zu einem statistisch signifikanten Gewichtsverlust. Allerdings ist das Ausmaß klein und die klinische Bedeutsamkeit eingeschränkt.

Abstract

Background:

Weight reduction is a core objective in the rehabilitation of somatic diseases. This systematic review aims to investigate the effectiveness of web-based psychological interventions for weight loss.

Methods:

Included were randomized controlled trials comparing web-based psychological interventions for weight loss with waiting list or usual care. Outcomes were body mass index (BMI), weight and waist circumference. Effect sizes were analyzed in random-effects meta-analyses.

Results:

The search identified 5 trials. Subjects of the intervention group reduced their BMI (weighted mean difference – WMD=−0.49 [95%-CI: −0.95; −0.03]), weight (WMD=−1.32 [−2.59; −0.06]) and waist circumference (WMD=−2.35 [−3.18; −1.52]) significantly more than controls.

Conclusion:

Web-based psychological interventions are effective weight loss interventions. However, the effects are small and their clinical importance is limited.

Schlüsselwörter

Internet - psychologische Intervention - Gewichtsreduktion - systematisches Review - Verhaltensänderung

Key words

web-based - psychological intervention - weight loss - systematic review - behavior change

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