Zusammenfassung
Anliegen: Inwieweit erfüllen Psychiatrische Institutsambulanzen (PIAs) ihren gesetzlich verankerten
Versorgungsauftrag?
Methoden: Retrospektive Querschnittsanalyse für 1672 Patienten einer PIA im Jahr 2010 anhand
von 30 Variablen, multivariaten Regressionsmodellen und polynomischen Kurvenanpassungen.
Ergebnisse: Es besteht eine positive Assoziation des Ausmaßes der Krankheitsschwere und funktionaler
Beeinträchtigungen mit der Mehrzahl der Indikatoren zur Inanspruchnahme ambulanter
und stationärer psychiatrischer Leistungen.
Schlussfolgerungen: Es liegen belastbare Hinweise vor, dass psychiatrische Institutsambulanzen vorwiegend
schwer und chronische psychisch kranke Menschen intensiver behandeln.
Abstract
Objective: This study examines whether psychiatric outpatient clinics fulfill their statutory
role of providing psychiatric services for patients with severe mental disorders.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study on 1,672 patients of a psychiatric outpatient
clinic for the year 2010, based on 30 variables. Associations between variables were
explored by means of robust multivariate regression models and polynomial regression
plots.
Results: The patients’ average CGI value was found to be 5.98, the mean GAF-score 47.3, and
the mean duration of illness 13.8 years. A third of the sample attempted suicide in
the past. Metabolic comorbidity was found in 23.1 % of the sample. Results of regression
analyses reveal positive effects of the disease severity and functional impairment
on the use of psychiatric care. Patients with affective and schizophrenic disorders
received more units of care and caused more costs. Patients living in nursing homes
received less in- and outpatient care but caused more medication costs.
Conclusions: Study results support the assumption that German psychiatric outpatient clinics fulfill
their statutory duties by treating severely chronically mentally ill patients. The
patients’ use of care is positively related to the disease severity and their functional
impairment. However, results of the regression analyses suggest that patients living
in nursing homes received less psychiatric care than patients who live more independently.
Schlüsselwörter psychiatrische Institutsambulanzen - GAF - CGI - psychiatrische Inanspruchnahme -
psychiatrische Behandlungskosten
Keywords psychiatric outpatient clinics - GAF-score - CGI-score - psychiatric care - care costs