Bewegungstherapie in der Behandlung von nicht spezifischem Rückenschmerz

Zusammenfassung

Bewegungstherapeutische Interventionen sind ein zentraler Bestandteil in der Behandlung von Rückenschmerzen. Sowohl international als auch national werden darunter sehr heterogene Übungsformen und Bewegungsprogramme verstanden. Auch unterscheiden sich bewegungstherapeutische Interventionen mit einem funktionsorientierten Ansatz stark von jenen mit einem biopsychosozialen Ansatz. Der folgende Beitrag vermittelt zunächst einen kurzen Überblick über internationale und nationale Begrifflichkeiten von Bewegungstherapie. Darauf aufbauend erfolgt die Darstellung potenzieller Wirkmechanismen zwischen Rückenschmerz und Bewegung sowie der Wirksamkeit bewegungstherapeutischer Interventionen bei Rückenschmerz anhand systematischer Reviews. Abschließend werden Konsequenzen für die Gestaltung bewegungstherapeutischer Interventionen in der Behandlung von Rückenschmerzen und offene Forschungsfragen beschrieben.

Summary

Physical exercise therapy for treatment of low back pain

Therapeutic interventions related to physical exercise are a central component in the treatment of low back pain. In international as well as national context, the interventions entail heterogeneous forms of exercises and physical activity programmes. In the same vein, a differentiation is made between exercise therapy measures that are functionally-oriented and those emphasising a bio-psychosocial approach. This article firstly offers an overview of the terminologies used nationally and internationally in physical exercise therapy. Pursuant to this, the article gives an overview of the potential interplay between low back pain and physical activity as well as the effect of physical activity therapy based on systematic literature reviews. Lastly, the authors describe the consequences of formulating therapeutic interventions of physical exercise in treating low back pain while pointing out the areas requiring further future research.

Stichworte:

nicht spezifischer Rückenschmerz - Bewegungstherapie - funktionsorientierter Ansatz - biopsychosozialer Ansatz

Key words:

non-specific back pain - movement Therapy - function-oriented approach - biopsychosocial approach

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