Antioxidant and anabolic activities of wheat bran

Wheat bran is a by-product of the wheat milling process and it contains various antioxidants that impart beneficial effects on human health. In wheat, phenolic compounds are mainly found in the form of insoluble bound ferulic acid and be relevant to resistance to wheat fungal diseases. Alkylresorcinols are phenolic lipids present in high amounts in the bran layer of wheat and rye (0.1–0.3% of dry weight). These constituents may contribute to the lowering of the plasma levels of the various parameters of the lipid profile. In this study, Four different fractions – Total ex. (EtOH ex.), Hexane fr., EtOAc fr. and BuOH fr. were tested for their antioxidant activities and the anabolic activity in C2C12 cells in the presence of BMP-2 by ALP staining and its activity assay and TRAP activity with RANKL staining. As a result, EtOAc fr. and BuOH fr. showed higher radical scavenging activities than others. The nitrite scavenging abilities of EtOAc and BuOH fr. were 78.0% and 80.5% respectively (10mg/ml). Also, the TRAP activity result, 100µg/Ml concentration of Total Ex., Hexane fr. and BuOH fr. showed excellent effects. These results suggest that the wheat bran extract have inhibited osteoclast cells activities.

Keywords: antioxidant, anabolic activity, C2C12 cells, TRAP activity, RANKL staining.