Quality control of the contents of major compound in Cissus quadrangularis

The Cissus quadrangularis stem or Thai name as Phet sang-khaat (Vitaceae) has been traditionally used for the treatment of hemorrhoid and their products were also widely marketed. The mixture of Phet sang-khaat capsule is also recommended to used for the hemorrhoid in The National List of Essential Herbal Medicines (2011). This formula consists of 3 medicinal plants including C. quadrangularis, Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon. var. wallichii C.B.Clarke (Lamiaceae) and Rheum officinale Baillon (Polygonaceae). The flavonoids are the major compounds present in the aerial part of C. quadrangularis. Quercetin is used to the marker compound. The aim of the study is the quality control of the contents of quercetin in C. quadrangularis. HPLC was used to determine the content of quercetin from 5 different regions. The samples were extracted with 50% ethanol. The optimal conditions of determination were achieve on an Shimadzu Phenomenex column (250mm x 4.6mm, 20µl) with a gradient of acetonitrile and water at a flow rate of 0.8ml/min, detection at 254nm. The results showed that the amount of quercetin in C. quadrangularis from Khon Khen, Nakornratchasima, Maha Sarakham, Phetchabun and Roied provinces were obtained 0.14, 0.12, 0.42, 0.09 and 0.39 (%w/w), respectively. Thus, the high contents of quercetin in C. quadrangularis from Maha Sarakham was suggested to used for preparation of capsule which have been studied. This result is lead to preliminary development for quality control of active compound in Phet sang-khaat capsule or Phet sang-khaat formula.