Effects of Overtraining on Skeletal Muscle Growth and Gene Expression

W. Xiao; P. Chen; J. Dong

doi:10.1055/s-0032-1311585

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Table of Contents

Int J Sports Med 2012; 33(10): 846-853
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1311585

Genetics & Molecular Biology

Effects of Overtraining on Skeletal Muscle Growth and Gene Expression

W. Xiao

¹Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

,

P. Chen

¹Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

,

J. Dong

¹Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of overtraining on skeletal muscle growth and growth-related gene expression. The rats of overtraining group (OT) and overtraining recovery group (OTR) were subject to 11 experimental weeks of overtraining protocol. It was found that the absolute gastrocnemius muscle wet weight of the OT group was significantly lower than that of the sedentary group (23.6%, P<0.01). Serum creatine kinase was significantly higher in the OT and OTR groups than the sedentary group. CD68, CD163, MyoD, myogenin, IL-1β, TNF-α, IGF-I and MGF mRNA did not change in the OT group as compared with the sedentary group. IL-6 and TGF-β1 mRNA in the OT group increased significantly as compared with the sedentary group (2.17 fold and 1.78 fold, respectively; P<0.01). IL-10 mRNA decreased significantly in the OT group (63%, P<0.01) and the OTR group (77%, P<0.01) compared to the sedentary group. COX-2 mRNA decreased significantly in the OT group (60%, P<0.01) and the OTR group (69%, P<0.01) from the sedentary group. uPA mRNA in the OT group was significantly lower than that in the sedentary group (32%, P<0.01). These data suggest that inflammatory cytokines, COX-2 and uPA may play roles in the inhibition of skeletal muscle growth induced by overtraining.

Key words

overtraining - skeletal muscle - growth - cyclooxygenase-2 - urokinase-type plasminogen activator - inflammatory cytokines

Full Text

References

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