DTI and Stereotaxy

With the advent of modern scientific methods like optogenetic neuromodulation (in rodents and primates), the role of fibre tracts for deep brain stimulation (DBS) becomes a research focus. In humans, various “nuclei” that traditionally have been targeted to alleviate certain diseases like Parkinson's disease, dystonia and tremor and more recently depression have been scrutinized with the DTI tractography technique. The results for the overall targeting accuracy, understanding of pathologically altered circuits and development of new target structures remote from traditional target regions are intriguing.