Entwicklungspsychopathologie narzisstischer Störungen

Zusammenfassung

Bei der Entwicklung eines pathologischen Narzissmus spielen sowohl zum Teil genetisch bedingte Persönlichkeitsfaktoren und damit verbundene kinderpsychiatrische Störungsbilder (externalisierende vs. internalisierende Störungen) als auch Erziehungsbedingungen eine entscheidende Rolle. Vor dem Hintergrund der Selbstentwicklung von Kindern werden aktuelle Befunde zur Entwicklungspsychopathologie narzisstischer Störungen diskutiert. Der grandiosen (offenen) und der vulnerablen (verdeckten) Form narzisstischer Störungen liegen wahrscheinlich unterschiedliche Entwicklungswege zugrunde, die in 2 Modellen dargestellt werden. In diesen Modellen führen elterliche Kälte und Bewunderung sowie dominantes und manipulatives Verhalten eher zu einer offenen Form des Narzissmus, während Misshandlungserfahrungen und eine gesteigerte Sensibilität für negative Erfahrungen zu einer verdeckten Form führen.

Abstract

For the development of pathological narcissism, personality traits – partially genetically caused and derived from childhood experiences – play an important role. Current studies on the developmental psychopathology of narcissistic disorders are discussed with reference to the development of the self in children. Different developmental pathways underlie the grandiose (overt) and the vulnerable (covert) type of narcissistic disorders which are shown in 2 possible models. In these models parental admiration and coldness as well as dominant and manipulative behaviour lead to an overt subtype of narcissism, the experience of maltreatment and an increased sensitivity for negative experiences lead to a covert subtype of narcissism.

Schlüsselwörter

narzisstische Störungen - Entwicklungspsychopathologie - Entwicklung des Selbst

Keywords

narcissistic disorders - developmental psychopathology - development of the self

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