Download PDF
ZWR - Das Deutsche Zahnärzteblatt 2011; 120(07/08): 382-389
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286630
Fortbildung
Allgemeine Zahnheilkunde
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Einfluss von Mikronährstoffen auf Mundgesundheit und Allgemeinbefinden

The Influence of Micronutrients on oral and General Health
B Willershausen
,
A Ross
,
P Mohaupt
,
A Callaway
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
23 August 2011 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

In der vorliegenden klinischen Studie sollte der Einfluss einer Mikronährstoffkombination bei Personen unter hoher Stressbelastung untersucht werden. Für diese Studie wurden 42 gesunde Studenten (30 Frauen, 12 Männer) mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 27 Jahren ausgewählt, die alle unter hohen Prüfungsbelastungen standen. Nach dem positiven Votum der Ethikkommission wurde einer Studentengruppe (n = 21) über einen Zeitraum von 3 Monaten die Mikronährstoffkombination zugewiesen, die anderen Studenten (n = 21 Personen) dienten als Kontrollgruppe. Bei allen Probanden wurden zu Beginn und nach Abschluss der Studie eine zahnärztliche Untersuchung, die Bestimmung von 10 parodontalpathogenen Keimen, eine Speichelanalyse sowie eine Blutanalyse durchgeführt. Zusätzlich füllten alle Probanden einen Fragebogen zur Ernährung, Lebensqualität und Stressbelastung aus. Die Auswertung der Untersuchung zeigte, dass bei allen Probanden nach Abschluss der Studie (n = 39) eine leichte Verschlechterung der Mundhygiene und vermehrt ungesunde Ernährung zu verzeichnen war. Die Einnahme der Mikronährstoffe führte im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe zu einer leichten Verbesserung des Entzündungsgrades der Gingiva. In der Blutanalyse zeigte sich eine Verbesserung der Vitaminkonzentrationen (VitC, VitE), der Zinkkonzentration und des Wertes von c-reaktivem Protein. In weiteren Studien sollte jedoch eine größere Zahl an Personen mit zusätzlichem Vorliegen von parodontalen Erkrankungen untersucht werden, um den Einfluss einer Mikronährstoffsupplementierung deutlicher belegen zu können.

The aim of the present clinical study was to examine the influence of a combination of micronutrients on individuals with high stress experience. 42 healthy students (30 female, 12 male) with an average age of 27 years, experiencing high examination stress were chosen. After approval by the ethics commission, one group of students (n = 21) took a combination of micronutrients, whereas other students (n = 21) served as control group. All participants underwent at the beginning and at the end of the trial a dental examination, a determination of 10 periodontal pathogens, a salivary and a blood analysis. In addition, the participants filled in a questionnaire on nutrition, quality of life and degree of stress experience. The evaluation of the results, obtained at the end of the trial period, showed that for all students (n = 39) a slight worsening of oral hygiene and an increased consumption of unhealthy food could be observed. The intake of the micronutrients leads to a slight improvement of the degree of gingival inflammation in comparison to the control group. The blood analysis showed an increase in the vitamin (vitamin C, vitamin E) and zinc concentrations, and of the CRP status. However, additional studies are necessary to investigate a higher number of subjects, also suffering from periodontal disease, to show more clearly the effect of a micronutrient supplementation.

Schlüsselwörter

Mikronährstoffe - Blutanalyse - Gingivitis - Mundbefund

Keywords

Micronutrients - Blood Analysis - Gingivitis - Dental Examination
 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Abou Sulaiman AE, Shehadeh RM. Assessment of total antioxidant capacity and the use of vitamin C in the treatment of non-smokers with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol 2010; 81: 1547-1554
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Beck JD, Offenbacher S. Systemic effects of periodontitis: epidemiology of periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. J Periodontol 2005; 76: 2089-2100
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Chapple IL, Brock GR, Milward MR et al. Compromised GCF total antioxidant capacity in periodontities: cause or effect?. J Clin Periodontol 2007; 42: 103-110
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Chapple IL. Oxidative stress, nutrition and neutrogenomics in periodontal health and disease. Int J Dent Hyg 2006; 4: 15-21
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Chapple IL. Potential mechanisms underpinning the nutritional modulation of periodotnal inflammation. J Am Dent Assoc 2009; 140: 178-184
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Chen M, Andersen RM, Barmes DE et al. Comparing oral health systems. A Second International Collaborative Study. Geneva: World health Organization; 1997
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Enhos S, Duran I, Erdem S et al. Relationship between iron-deficiency anemia and periodontal status in female patients. J Periodontol 2009; 80: 1750-1755
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Enwonwu CO, Phillips RS, Falkler WA. Nutrition and oral infectious diseases: state of the science. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2002; 23: 431-436
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Franceschi S, Favero A, Conti E et al. Food groups, oils and butter and cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx. Br J Cancer 1999; 80: 614-620
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Garcia MN, Hildebolt CF, Miley DD et al. One-year effects of vitamin d and calcium supplementation on chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol 2011; 82: 25-32
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Genco RJ, Ho AW, Kopman J et al. Models to evaluate the role of stress in periodontal disease. Ann Periodontol 1998; 3: 288-302
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Jenzsch A, Eick S, Rassoul F et al. Nutritional intervention in patients with periodontal disease: clinical, immunological and microbiological variables during 12 months. Br J Nutr 2009; 101: 879-885
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Johannsen A, Bjurshammar N, Gustafsson A. The influence of academic stress on gingival inflammation. Int J Dent Hyg 2010; 8: 22-27
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Loesche WJ. Bacterial mediators in periodontal disease. Clin Infect Dis 1993; 16: 203-210
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Logan EI. Dietary influences on periodontal health in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2006; 36: 1385-1401
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 McLaughlin JK, Gridley G, Block G et al. Dietary factors in oral and pharyngeal cancer. J Nat Cancer Inst 1988; 80: 1237-1243
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Meisel P, Schwahn C, Luedemann J et al. Magnesium deficiency is associated with periodontal disease. J Dent Res 2005; 84: 937-941
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Morse DE. Oral and pharyngeal cancer. In: Touger-Decker R, Sirois DA, Mobley CC, editors. Nutrition and oral medicine. New Jersey: Humana Press; 2004: 205-221
    Google Scholar
  • 19 Moynihan PJ. The role of diet and nutrition in the etiology and prevention of oral diseases. Bull World Health Organ 2005; 83: 694-699
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Neiva RF, Steigenga J, Al-Shammari KF et al. Effects of specific nutrients on periodontal disease onset, progression and treatment. J Clin Periodontol 2003; 30: 579-589
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Ng SK, Keung Leung W. A community study on the relationship between stress, coping, affective dispositions and periodontal attachment loss. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2006; 34: 252-266
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Nishida M, Grossi SG, Dunford RG et al. Calcium and the risk for periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2000; 71: 1057-1066
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Nishida M, Grossi SG, Dunford RG et al. Dietary vitamin C and the risk for periodontol disease. J Periodontol 2000; 71: 1215-1223
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Rosania AE, Low KG, McCormick CM et al. Stress, depression, cortisol, and periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2009; 80: 260-266
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Taylor GW. Bidirectional interrelationships between diabetes and periodontol diseases: an epidemiologic perspective. Ann Periodontol 2001; 6: 99-112
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar