Gewürznelken und Nelkenöl

Zusammenfassung

Gewürznelken und daraus gewonnenes Nelkenöl gehören zu den bekanntesten Arzneidrogen und werden auch vielfältig seit Jahrhunderten als Gewürz und Aromatisierungsmittel eingesetzt. Der vorliegende Artikel fasst Erkenntnisse zur Pharmakologie von Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. et L.M. Perry aus den letzten 20 Jahren zusammen. Neben antimikrobiellen, antiviralen, fungiziden und repellenten Wirkungen besitzen die Droge bzw. Zubereitungen daraus auch antiphlogistische, antitumorale und gastroprotektive Eigenschaften. Besonders interessant sind neue Untersuchungen zur Aufklärung des pharmakologischen Mechanismus der anästhesierenden Aktivität, die über eine Wechselwirkung mit Cannabinoid-Rezeptoren vermittelt wird. Das breite Wirkungsspektrum dieser Droge begründet ihren Einsatz in der Schul- und Komplementärmedizin.

Summary

Cloves and oil of cloves. Interesting plant drugs, not just for Christmas Cloves and oil of clove buds are among the most well-known plant drugs and have been used as a condiment and flavouring agent for centuries. The present article summarizes insights into the pharmacology of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. et L.M. Perry garnered during the last 20 years. The drug and the essential oil not only show antimicrobial, antiviral, fungicidal, and repellent effects, but also anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and gastroprotective activities. Of special interest are recent investigations into the pharmacological mechanism of the anaesthetic effects of clove oil which are mediated via cannabinoid receptors. The wide spectrum of biological effects induced by cloves and clove oil justifies the use of these drugs in orthodox and complementary medicine.

Schlüsselwörter

Syzygium aromaticum - Gewürznelken - Nelkenöl - Pharmakologie

Key words

Cloves - clove oil - Syzygium aromaticum - pharmacology

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