Eine Leberfibrose beschreibt die Vernarbung des Leberparenchyms, welche durch eine
chronische Schädigung der Leber entsteht. Eine Leberfibrose kann prinzipiell bei jeder
chronischen Lebererkrankung auftreten und bestimmt, im Falle des Fortschreitens zur
Leberzirrhose, die Prognose der Patienten. Klinisch fällt eine Leberfibrose meistens
durch erhöhte Leberwerte auf, während die initiale klinische Symptomatik von betroffenen
Patienten häufig unspezifisch ist. Der Goldstandard zur Diagnose und Quantifizierung
einer Leberfibrose ist die Leberbiopsie, jedoch sind in den letzten Jahren nicht invasive
Verfahren entwickelt worden, die bei einigen Patienten eine Alternative zur Biopsie
darstellen. Bei Nachweis einer signifikanten Fibrose sind die therapeutischen Ziele
die Stabilisierung der Erkrankung oder deren Rückbildung. Hierzu stehen in erster
Linie an der Ätiologie orientierte Therapien zur Verfügung. Unspezifische, d. h. ätiologieunabhängige
Therapien werden ebenfalls aktiv evaluiert, stehen aber aktuell noch nicht für die
klinische Praxis zur Verfügung.
Liver fibrosis represents scarring of the liver parenchyma in response to chronic
liver damage. All chronic liver diseases can result in liver fibrosis. In case of
a progression of fibrosis to liver cirrhosis, the prognosis of affected patients is
strongly impaired. Liver fibrosis is usually detected by elevated liver enzymes, while
initial clinical symptoms are mild and unspecific in most patients. The gold standard
for the diagnosis and quantification of liver fibrosis is percutaneous liver biopsy.
In recent years, a number of non-invasive techniques have been developed which harbour
the potential to replace liver biopsy under certain conditions. When liver fibrosis
is detected, therapy is initiated with the aim to either halt the progression of liver
scarring or even to induce its regression. In most cases such therapies are based
on the aetiology of the underlying liver disease. However, non-specific antifibrotic
therapies, which are not oriented on the aetiology of the liver disease, are also
actively investigated in clinical trials but are not yet available for daily use.
Key words
Chronic liver diseases - liver fibrosis - non-invasive fibrosis detection - antifibrotic
therapies - risk factors
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Korrespondenz
Prof. Dr. Hermann E Wasmuth
Medizinische Klinik III Universitätsklinikum Aachen RWTH Aachen
Pauwelsstraße 30
52074 Aachen
Fax: 0241/8082455
Fax: hwasmuth@ukaachen.de
Prof. Dr. Christian Trautwein
Medizinische Klinik III Universitätsklinikum Aachen RWTH Aachen
Pauwelsstraße 30
52074 Aachen
Fax: 0241/8082455
eMail: ctrautwein@ukaachen.de