In-vitro lipid peroxidation as progression of liver injury at the cellular level

Jaundice is a condition, which affects the liver of the individual. It is not a disease on its own as the tissue damage and endotoxemia enhances the formation of free oxygen radicals and reactive oxygen metabolites which increase lipid peroxidation through the accumulation of hydrophobic bile acids. In this study, nineteen plants were recorded during an ethnobotanical survey for jaundice therapy: Alstonia boonei De Wild. (Apocynaceae), Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp (Papilionoideae), Calliandra portoricensis (Jacq) Benth (Mimosaidaea), Celastrus paniculatus Linn. (Celastraceae), Cochlospermum tinctorium Perr. (Cochlospermaceae), Curcuma longa Linn. (Zingiberaceae), Curculigo pilosa (Schum. & Thonn.) (Hypoxidaceae), Cymbopogon citratus (DC). Stapf. (Poaceae), Enantia chlorantha Oliv. (Annonaceae), Gossypium barbadense Linn. (Malvaceae), Kigelia africana (Lam.) (Bignoniaceae), Lawsonia inermis Linn. (Lythraceae), Lophira alata Banks (Ochnaceae), Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae), Morinda lucida Benth. (Rubiaceae), Phyllantus amarus Schum. & Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae), Rauwolfia vomitoria Afzel. (Apocynaceae), Sarcocephalus latifolius Sm.(Rubiaceae). Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using DPPH radicals and inhibition of lipid peroxidation accessed with thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method in two poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) models of Clarias gariepinus and Scomber japonicum fish homogenates calculated as MDA equivalent/gm of tissue. L. alata had highest antioxidant activity r (80.95%) and P. amarus lowest (1.53%). As the concentration of extract increases, the absorbance increases, while TBARS value decreases as 6.7305×10^–5 to1.0384×10^–5 and 8.2304×10^–5 to 5.4100×10^–5 (mg/tissue) in C. gariepinus and S. japonicum fish models respectively. Thus, TBARS determination provides a measure of membrane lipid peroxidation and may provide a direct assessment of the progression of liver injury at the cellular level.