Behandlung von Keloiden

Zusammenfassung

Keloide bilden sich meist nach operativ oder traumatisch entstandenen Wunden. Sie werden zusätzlich nach Tätowierungen, Piercings und in Folge lang anhaltender, entzündlicher Erkrankungen der Haut beobachtet. Eine genetische Disposition wird diskutiert. Besonders gefährdete Regionen sind die vordere Brustregion, die Schulterpartie und die Ohrläppchen. Bei disponierten Personen können Keloide sogar spontan entstehen. Trotz vieler verschiedener Therapiekonzepte und Studien zur Behandlung von Keloiden, gestaltet sich deren Therapie aufgrund der hohen Rezidivrate nach wie vor schwierig. Neben etablierten Techniken zur Vorbeugung und Behandlung von Keloiden werden heute neuere, weniger etablierte Verfahren (Farbstofflaser, Imiquimod), zum Teil in Kombination, erfolgreich eingesetzt.

Abstract

Keloids may arise following any insult to the deep dermis or develop after minor injuries and may even form spontaneously on the mid-chest in the absence of any known injury. In the majority of cases, keloids develop in wounds at anatomic locations with high tension, such as anterior chest, shoulders and earlobes. Multiple studies on keloid formation have been conducted for decades and have led to a plethora of therapeutic strategies in order to prevent or attenuate excessive scar formation. However, most therapeutic approaches remain clinically unsatisfactory, mostly due to the high recurrence rates of keloids. Besides well known therapeutic approaches, today, emerging treatment strategies including pulsed dye laser and imiquimod crème extend the spectrum of keloid therapy.

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